海相油气地质2025，Vol.30Issue(6)：537-549,13.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-9854.2025.06.001
巴西桑托斯盆地油气勘探历程与大型油气田群发现启示
History of oil and gas exploration and implications from the discovery of large oil and gas fields in the Santos Basin,Brazil
摘要
Abstract
After more than 50 years of exploration,the Santos Basin in Brazil has become the continental margin basin with the most deep-water oil and gas discoveries in the world to date.Based on the primary exploration objectives and the process of oil and gas discoveries,the exploration history of the Santos Basin can be divided into three stages:shallow-water clastic reservoir exploration,deep-water gravity flow sandstone exploration,and pre-salt carbonate reservoir exploration.During the deep-water pre-salt carbonate reservoir exploration phase,some large and giant oil and gas discoveries were discovered,establishing the Santos Basin as a global leader in deep-water hydrocarbon exploration.The exploration in the Santos Basin has always been accompanied by innovation in geological understanding and advances in exploration technology.Particularly in the phase of deep-water pre-salt carbonate reservoir exploration,there was a transition from focusing on giant structural traps in the core exploration areas to the peripheral and outer regions.The innovations in oil and gas geological understanding played a key role in determining the direction of exploration into ultra-deepwater frontiers.These innovations primarily include four aspects:the differential distribution of hydrocarbon source kitchens determined by the tectonic framework during the rift phase,the genesis and distribution characteristics of large-scale reservoirs,the distribution patterns of medium and large scale oil and gas fields,and the distribution characteristics of mantle-derived carbon dioxide.During the exploration of the Santos Basin,major international oil companies were actively involved in the oil and gas exploration bidding.However,they exhibited different exploration strategies,and the drilling results were,on the whole,far below expectations.This not only confirmed the basin's rich oil and gas potential but also revealed the significant variability in hydrocarbon accumulation and reservoir formation within continental margin basins.As a typical passive continental margin basin,understanding the oil and gas accumulation patterns and key factors in the deep-water regions of the Santos Basin has significant reference value for comprehensively understanding and systematically mastering the petroleum geological characteristics of global continental marginal deep-water basins.It also provides guidance for the expansion of new frontiers in deep-water exploration and optimizing exploration planning.关键词
深海领域/油气勘探历程/油气藏分布/桑托斯盆地/大陆边缘盆地Key words
deep-water plays/history of petroleum exploration/reservoir distribution/Santos Basin/continental margin basin分类
能源科技引用本文复制引用
范国章,李立胜,王思文,杨柳,王红平,王朝锋,邵大力,左国平,宋叙,庞旭,丁梁波..巴西桑托斯盆地油气勘探历程与大型油气田群发现启示[J].海相油气地质,2025,30(6):537-549,13.基金项目
本文受国家科技重大专项"全球深水油气富集规律与勘探开发关键技术"(编号:2025ZD1403000)和中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司科技项目"海外深水油气田勘探开发工程关键技术研究"(编号:SH0025Z248)联合资助 （编号:2025ZD1403000）
