棉花学报2025，Vol.37Issue(5)：375-389,15.DOI:10.11963/cs20250045
行比配置对棉花大豆间作系统土壤养分含量及作物生产力的影响
Impact of row ratio configuration on soil nutrient content and crop productivity in cotton-soybean intercropping system
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to explore the application potential of cotton-soybean intercropping in addressing prominent issues such as the intense conflict between grain and cotton for land,as well as soil degradation,in the cotton-growing areas of the Yellow River Basin.[Methods]The experiments were conducted in Binzhou City,Shandong Province,from 2023 to 2024.Different treatments were set up,including cotton monocropping(CK1),soybean monocropping(CK2),and five row ratio configurations of cotton-soybean intercropping(2 rows of cotton intercropped with 2 rows of soybean,2 rows of cotton intercropped with 3 rows of soybean,2 rows of cotton intercropped with 4 rows of soybean,4 rows of cotton intercropped with 4 rows of soybean,and 4 rows of cotton intercropped with 6 rows of soybean,denoted as 2||2,2||3,2||4,4||4,and 4||6).The effects of these intercropping patterns on soil nutrient content,crop agronomic traits and yield,fiber quality,land equivalent ratio(LER),and comprehensive economic benefits were studied.[Results]Compared with monocropping,the intercropping system increased the contents of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available phosphorus in the 0-20 cm soil layer between cotton rows.The 4||6 intercropping pattern was beneficial for increasing the soil organic matter content and total humus content in the 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers between cotton rows and soybean rows.At the boll-opening stage,the number of mature bolls per plant under the five intercropping treatments was significantly lower than that under CK1.At the maturity stage,compared with monocropping,the number of nodes and effective branches per plant of intercropped soybeans decreased.Compared with CK1,the intercropping patterns led to a reduction in the number of bolls per plant and boll weight;however,the seed cotton yield increased due to the higher harvest density.In 2023,the 4||6 treatment achieved the highest seed cotton yield,which was significantly 19.34％higher than that of CK1.In 2024,the 2||3 treatment had the highest seed cotton yield,showing a significant increase of 15.20％compared with CK1.There were no significant differences in cotton fiber quality indicators among different treatments.Compared with CK2,the soybean yield under the 4||4 and 4||6 patterns increased by 1.58％and 12.00％,respectively in 2023.In 2024,the soybean yield under the 2||3,4||6,and 4||4 treatments increased by 17.76％-26.18％.In 2023,the 4||6 treatment had the highest LER(1.15)and the highest net income.In 2024,the 2||3 treatment achieved the highest LER(1.19)and the highest net income.[Conclusion]Cotton-soybean intercropping was beneficial for increasing seed cotton yield,land use efficiency,and net income.Among the tested intercropping patterns,the 4||6 and 2||3 patterns showed greater promotion potential in the cotton-growing areas of the Yellow River Basin.关键词
棉花大豆间作/行比配置/土壤养分含量/产量/土地当量比/经济效益Key words
cotton-soybean intercropping/row ratio configuration/soil nutrient content/yield/land equivalent ratio/economic benefits引用本文复制引用
张杰,魏学文,秦都林,徐勤青,孙玮琪,韩小伟,王传鹏,向春燕,于玲雅,高文胜..行比配置对棉花大豆间作系统土壤养分含量及作物生产力的影响[J].棉花学报,2025,37(5):375-389,15.基金项目
山东省重点研发计划(农业良种工程)项目(2023LZGC007) （农业良种工程）
山东省棉花产业技术体系综合试验站(SDAIT-03-12) （SDAIT-03-12）
山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(SDNYXTTG-2023-14) （SDNYXTTG-2023-14）
山东省人文社会科学课题(2022-YYGL-19) （2022-YYGL-19）
