棉花学报2025，Vol.37Issue(5)：401-414,14.DOI:10.11963/cs20250027
滴水春灌定额对棉花土壤水盐动态变化、生长和产量的影响
Effects of drip irrigation quota on soil water-salt dynamics,growth,and yield of cotton
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aims to increase cotton yield and water use efficiency in southern Xinjiang under limited water resources.[Methods]The experiment was conducted using the cotton variety Tahe 2.In 2023,three spring drip irrigation quotas were set:T1(600 m3·hm-2),T2(900 m3·hm-2),and T3(1 200 m3·hm-2).In 2024,a conventional spring irrigation quota of 2 250 m3·hm2 was added as the control(CK).The effects of different drip irrigation quotas on soil water-salt changes,cotton physiological growth,and yield were studied.[Results]In the two-year experiment,the soil water storage in the 0-60 cm layer under the T2 treatment was the highest at all cotton growth stages,increasing by 1.01％-14.88％compared to T1,and by 1.25％-15.26％compared to T3.In 2024,the soil water storage in the 0-80 cm layer for all treatments followed the order of T3＞CK＞T2＞T1.In 2023,the electrical conductivity in the 0-60 cm layer under T2 and T3 was lower than that of T1 by 6.08％-19.26％and 19.86％-32.96％,respectively.In 2024,the electrical conductivity in the 0-80 cm layer under T2 and T3 was reduced by 3.33％-25.81％compared to T1.Compared with T1 and T2,the T3 treatment showed a 10.54-19.95 percentage points higher seedling emergence rate,a 9.23％-23.54％increase in plant height,an 11.11％-23.87％increase in leaf area index,and a 26.32％-59.11％increase in fresh weight at the flowering and boll stages.The boll weight under the T3 treatment was 2.86％-8.51％higher than that under T1 and T2,and the seed cotton yield increased by 2.39％-10.24％.In 2024,compared to CK,the seedling emergence rate under T3 was 1.21 percentage points higher,and plant height,leaf area index,and fresh weight at the flowering and boll stages increased by 3.67％,6.69％,and 0.55％,respectively.Compared to CK,the seed cotton yield under Tl was significantly reduced by 8.55％,while the yields under T2 and T3 did not show any significant difference.The irrigation water use efficiency for T1,T2,and T3 was significantly higher than that of CK,increasing by 27.38％,24.30％,and 22.87％,respectively.The TOPSIS comprehensive evaluation showed that the drip irrigation method performed better,with 1 200 m3·hm-2 being the optimal irrigation quota for cotton fields under drip irrigation.[Conclusion]It is recommended to adopt a 1 200 m3·hm-2 drip irrigation quota in spring in southern Xinjiang,as this irrigation amount is beneficial for increasing soil water storage,promoting cotton growth,and improving seed cotton yield.关键词
滴水/春灌/土壤储水量/土壤盐分/产量/TOPSISKey words
drip irrigation/spring irrigation/soil water storage/soil salinity/yield/TOPSIS分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
木拉迪力·阿布来提,王兴鹏,梁亚康,王洪博,支金虎..滴水春灌定额对棉花土壤水盐动态变化、生长和产量的影响[J].棉花学报,2025,37(5):401-414,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFD1900505) （2022YFD1900505）
国家自然科学基金(52479044) （52479044）
新疆生产建设比昂团第一师阿拉尔市财政科技计划(2024NY15) （2024NY15）
