全球定位系统2025，Vol.50Issue(6)：90-98,9.DOI:10.12265/j.gnss.2025109
轨道误差对GNSS定位精度影响模型研究
Research on the impact model of orbit error on GNSS positioning accuracy
摘要
Abstract
The positioning accuracy of the GNSS is crucial for numerous key applications in modern spatio-temporal information services.Satellite orbit errors,as one of the main error sources of GNSS,have complex propagation mechanisms and spatial correlations,which are the key factors limiting the performance of high-precision positioning.This paper establishes geometric models of orbit errors for both GNSS single-point positioning and relative positioning accuracy,and elaborately deduces how orbit errors affect the final positioning results.It respectively presents the quantitative formulas for single-point positioning errors and relative positioning errors under the influence of orbit errors.Combined with practical calculation examples of precise single-point positioning and relative positioning,the correctness of the theoretical deduction is verified:the single-point positioning accuracy is directly related to the magnitude of orbit errors and the position dilution of precision(PDOP),while relative positioning can effectively reduce the influence of orbit errors through differential processing.This study aims to deepen the understanding of the action mechanism of orbit errors and provide a solid theoretical basis and valuable practical reference for the suppression of orbit errors in GNSS data processing and the further improvement of positioning accuracy.关键词
GNSS/轨道误差/单点定位精度/相对定位精度/定位影响模型/实例分析Key words
GNSS/orbit error/single point positioning accuracy/relative positioning accuracy/positioning influence model/case study analysis分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
张西军,马小淞,邰贺,徐汉超,陈华,石勇..轨道误差对GNSS定位精度影响模型研究[J].全球定位系统,2025,50(6):90-98,9.基金项目
辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(LJKMZ20220942) （LJKMZ20220942）
