煤田地质与勘探2025，Vol.53Issue(12)：21-35,15.DOI:10.12363/issn.1001-1986.25.07.0533
CO2咸水层地质封存面临的关键技术难题、挑战及前景
Key technical difficulties,challenges,and prospects of geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers
摘要
Abstract
[Background and Method]Carbon capture and storage(CCS)technology represents the primary technical direction for large-scale carbon emission reduction.Among various CCS techniques,geologic CO2 sequestration in sa-line aquifers holds great potential,establishing it as a major technique for future carbon storage.Based on a review of the current status of research on global geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers,this study comprehensively analyzed the technical difficulties,challenges,and prospects of this technology,focusing on the dilemma of the application of this technology under complex geological conditions in China.[Results and Conclusions]A huge gap in both the technical R&D and engineering practices of geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers remains between China and developed Western countries,especially in evaluation technologies for the storage capacity and safety of long-term,megaton-scale geologic CO2 sequestration.The actual storage capacity of a site is identified as a primary factor affecting the storage costs,including the amount of storage,single-well-controlled amount of storage,and injectability.Technical difficulties with the calculation of the amount of storage include establishing high-precision 3D geological models of saline aquifers,determining the storage efficiency factor,obtaining the limit pressure of cap rock rupture and fault opening,and cor-rectly understanding the logical relationships between the amounts of storage of various storage mechanisms.A higher single-well-controlled amount of storage is associated with a smaller drilling engineering quantity,with primary influen-tial factors including the heterogeneity,scale,and physical properties of sand bodies.Injectability represents the capa-city to achieve the amount of storage.For the siting of injection wells,it is necessary to conduct fine-scale geological evaluation of the lateral connectivity and wettability of the target sand bodies.Areas with overlapping sand bodies with high porosity,high permeability,and low formation pressure,also known as sweet spots for CO2 injection,should be se-lected to ensure that supercritical CO2 injected into saline aquifers can migrate outward from wellbores.Safety is a key concern in technical research on techniques for geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers,including the sealing per-formance,stability,and monitorability of target geobodies.Specifically,for the siting of geologic CO2 sequestration,it is essential to gain a correct understanding of the importance of traps and ultimate sealing pressure for the sealing perform-ance.Primary challenges in research on the stability of geobodies for CO2 sequestration include the difficulty in conduct-ing stability evaluation under complex geological conditions,accurately determining engineering parameters of sites,and developing rational mathematical models for numerical simulations.Research on the monitorability primarily faces chal-lenges of determining the locations for monitoring deployment and selecting appropriate monitoring technologies.Addi-tionally,the wide application of geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers also encounters challenges of reaching an international consensus,protectionism for sequestration technologies,high costs of sequestration technologies,long-term storage safety,disputes over mineral rights,and relevant policies and subsidies.Geologic CO2 sequestration in saline aquifers holds great application prospects.The combination of this technology with the decarbonization of high-carbon industries and emerging energy technologies will contribute to prolonged utilization duration of fossil fuels and en-hanced stability of new energy supply.关键词
咸水层/CO2地质封存/封存能力/封存量/安全性/密封性/稳定性/监测技术Key words
saline aquifer/geologic CO2 sequestration/amount of storage/storage volume/safety/sealing performance/stability/monitoring technology分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
魏恒飞,郭沛,时俊杰,聂晓东,方杰,陈晶,赵岳,孙大为,李鑫,张勇..CO2咸水层地质封存面临的关键技术难题、挑战及前景[J].煤田地质与勘探,2025,53(12):21-35,15.基金项目
国家能源集团大型试验平台研发项目(GJNY-23-92) （GJNY-23-92）
