水利水电技术（中英文）2025，Vol.56Issue(12)：113-126,14.DOI:10.13928/j.cnki.wrahe.2025.12.009
高山峡谷型河流形态特征识别与分析:以金沙江上游为例
Identification and analysis of morphological characteristics of alpine-gorge rivers:A case study of upper reaches of Jinsha River
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To address the problems of complex terrain and difficulty in traditional monitoring in alpine-gorge rivers,river morphological characteristics are clarified using remote sensing technology,providing a theoretical basis for runoff estimation in data-scarce areas.[Methods]Based on multi-source remote sensing data,river morphological characteristics were identified using an improved relative stability index,gradient,and sinuosity.Characteristics of runoff flux-stable river segments were analyzed based on confluence accumulation combined with geological types.The energy conversion frequency of the river was explored based on variations in channel gradients.The hydraulic geometry relationship between discharge and water surface width was verified and analyzed based on the principle of multi-station hydraulic geometry method.[Results]1)The average gradient of the upper reaches of the Jinsha River was 1.71％o,and the stability of river segments was regulated by geological types.The segments from Zhimen Da to Shengba Village(segment Ⅰ)and from Wentuo Village to Shigu Town(segment Ⅲ)were identified as stable,while the segment from Shengba Village to Wentuo Village(segment Ⅱ)was identified as unstable.(2)Energy dissipation in river segments was controlled by geological type and channel gradient.Granite segments were characterized by erosion,while basalt and shale segments showed depositional tendencies.(3)The gradient of runoff flux-stable river segments at hydrological stations was significantly lower than the average gradient of their corresponding geological types,indicating better stability.(4)Hydraulic geometry analysis of the Benzilan river segment showed that the average water surface width at 500 m intervals had a power-law relationship with discharge,and the coefficient and exponent showed a logarithmic linear relationship.The exponent of the width regression equation was approximately equal to the slope of the logarithmic linear equation,which was beneficial for improving the accuracy of discharge estimation.[Conclusion]The stability and morphological characteristics of river segments are controlled by geological types and are closely related to energy dissipation characteristics.The identification of runoff flux-stable river segments can provide scientific support for discharge estimation and hydrological monitoring of alpine-gorge rivers.关键词
河流形态/河段稳定性/能量耗散/径流通量稳定河段/水力几何/遥感Key words
river morphology/river segment stability/energy dissipation/runoff flux-stable river segment/hydraulic geometry/remote sensing分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
李泽林,龚家国,范严伟,常紫倩,赵建勋,崔磊磊,王英..高山峡谷型河流形态特征识别与分析:以金沙江上游为例[J].水利水电技术（中英文）,2025,56(12):113-126,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目长江水科学研究联合基金(U2240202) （U2240202）
国家自然科学基金项目(52394233) （52394233）
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC0506904) （2018YFC0506904）
