心理学报2026，Vol.58Issue(1)：96-112,中插5-中插6,19.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1041.2026.0096
越被小用,越失激情?员工资质过剩感对其工作激情的影响
Underused skills lead to lost drive4 The impact of employees'perceived overqualification on work passion
摘要
Abstract
At present,given the continuous expansion of higher education and increasing competition in the job market,workers are increasingly choosing to engage in jobs below their actual capabilities,resulting in a sense of qualification surplus,which has received widespread attention from researchers.Previous studies on the impact of perceived overqualification on employees'work passion have reported inconsistent results,and the influence of perceived overqualification on employees'harmonious work passion and obsessive work passion has not yet been clarified.In this study,which was based on self-concept theory,a nonlinear theoretical model with two-stage moderation had been constructed to explore the mechanism underlying the impact of employees'perceived overqualification on their work passion and the relevant boundary conditions,alongside the effect of work passion on job performance. Through a questionnaire survey,research data were collected from a large state-owned bank in Southwest China.The questionnaire was drawn or adapted from mature questionnaires.We distributed surveys to frontline employees and their direct supervisors at 253 bank branches,and data collection involved 4 time points separated by 3-week intervals.Through a rigorous four-phase matching process,we excluded samples with missing data,resulting in 856 paired leader-employee data points across the four time points.Since the data in this study were nested,multilevel regression modeling was used to capture the within-level effects and between-level effects simultaneously. The findings are as follows:(1)An inverted U-shaped relationship was observed between perceived overqualification and perceived relative job advantage.(2)Perceived justice of performance evaluation weakened the curvilinear relationship between perceived overqualification and perceived relative job advantage,such that at high levels of perceived justice of performance evaluation,the nonlinear relationship between perceived overqualification and perceived relative job advantage became more attenuated.(3)Perceived relative job advantage was positively correlated with both employees'harmonious passion and obsessive passion;(4)A nonlinear mediated moderating effect was observed,such that the interaction effect of employees'perceived overqualification and perceived justice of performance evaluation indirectly affected both harmonious and obsessive passion via perceived relative job advantage;(5)Leaders'enhancement of work meaningfulness positively moderated the relationship between perceived relative job advantage and work passion.Finally,(6)harmonious passion was positively correlated with employees'in-role and extra-role performance. This study makes the following contributions.First,it innovatively explores the nonlinear relationship between perceived overqualification and employees'work passion,thereby resolving the inconsistencies in previous research on this potential relationship.Second,it proposes a mechanism to explain how perceived overqualification affects work passion based on self-concept theory,thus helping scholars clarify the influence of perceived overqualification from a theoretical perspective and expanding the scope of self-concept theory.Third,it enriches the boundary conditions associated with the impact of perceived overqualification on employees'work passion and clarifies the impacts of task and social feedback according to self-concept theory.The conclusions of this study also have practical significance for companies seeking to motivate overqualified employees and respond to the national goal of high-quality and full employment.关键词
资质过剩感/感知相对工作优势/工作激情/感知绩效评估公平/领导工作意义赋予Key words
Perceived overqualification/perceived relative job advantages/work passion/perceived justice of performance evaluation/work meaningfulness enhancing分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
向姝婷,周芷蕊,谢小云,张昱城,吴珊..越被小用,越失激情?员工资质过剩感对其工作激情的影响[J].心理学报,2026,58(1):96-112,中插5-中插6,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(71902164,71972032,72343035,72272048)和重庆市自然科学基金会(2023NSCQ-MSX3303)资助. （71902164,71972032,72343035,72272048）
