中国工程科学2025，Vol.27Issue(6)：54-67,14.DOI:10.15302/J-SSCAE-2025.07.028
医疗领域大模型伦理风险识别、治理及前瞻研究
Ethical Risk Identification,Governance,and Foresight of Medical Foundation Models
摘要
Abstract
The medical field is undergoing an intelligent transformation characterized by the emergence of multimodal foundation models.While technological empowerment brings unprecedented opportunities,it is accompanied by profound ethical risks.The deep application of medical foundation models has amplified such risks,necessitating comprehensive identification and effective governance strategies.This study systematically examines four core categories of ethical risks in medical foundation model applications:data privacy risks,algorithmic decision-making risks,subject-relation risks,and social equity risks,illustrated through representative cases.To address these challenges,a data‒algorithm‒application‒law integrated governance framework is proposed,encompassing the establishment of robust data governance systems,innovation of algorithmic governance mechanisms,formulation of clinical application standards,and improvement in legal and regulatory frameworks.Furthermore,the study analyzes key technological and policy challenges constraining the development of medical foundation models.Looking ahead,the study outlines potential future directions,including the exploration of blockchain-based medical data ownership confirmation,development of lightweight models to promote equitable healthcare at the grassroots level,and construction of collaborative ecosystems integrating government,industry,academia,research,and healthcare.These efforts are intended to provide theoretical foundations and practical pathways for fostering the normative and sound development of medical foundation model technologies,ensuring patient rights,and enhancing the ethical governance system in the healthcare domain.关键词
大模型/医疗大模型/伦理风险/风险识别/治理路径Key words
foundation model/medical foundation model/ethical risk/risk identification/governance approaches分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
刘浏,王俊普,张馨,张琪琪,刘洁,刘子裕,王惠玲,易汉希,王维圆,Ousmane Diabate..医疗领域大模型伦理风险识别、治理及前瞻研究[J].中国工程科学,2025,27(6):54-67,14.基金项目
芙蓉实验室项目(2024PT5111) Furong Laboratory Project(2024PT5111) （2024PT5111）
