中国农学通报2025，Vol.41Issue(36)：73-83,11.
氮镁协同肥料对菜心产量、品质及养分利用效率的影响
Effect of Nitrogen-Magnesium Synergistic Fertilizer on Yield,Quality and Nutrient Utilization Efficiency of Flowering Chinese Cabbage
摘要
Abstract
Flowering Chinese cabbage(Brassica campestris ssp.chinensis var.utilis)is the most widely cultivated specialty vegetable in southern China.Currently,excessive nitrogen(N)fertilizer application and insufficient magnesium(Mg)is serious obstacle to the green and efficient production of flowering Chinese cabbage.This study designed a nitrogen-magnesium synergistic fertilizer product and conducted field trials in 2023 on the use of magnesium-containing nitrogen fertilizers as a substitute for compound fertilizers.The following treatments were set up:no N fertilizer control(CK),urea alone(T1),farmers'customary treatment(T2,15-15-15-0 compound fertilizer),N and Mg synergistic fertilizer(26-0-0-2)replacing 50%of the farmers'customary compound fertilizer(T3),and replacing 100%of the farmers'customary compound fertilizer(T4).The differences in agronomic traits,yield,quality,nutrient absorption,and utilization efficiency of flowering Chinese cabbage during the seedling and maturity stages were investigated.The results showed that during the seedling stage,both T3 and T4 treatments significantly increased the biomass,leaf area,SPAD value,and stem thickness of flowering Chinese cabbage,promoting early seedling growth.During the mature stage,T3 treatment had the most significant effect on increasing yield.In trials conducted in Guangzhou and Foshan,T3 treatment increased yield by an average of 38.1%compared to T1 treatment and by 18.6%compared to T2 treatment.After applying N-Mg synergistic fertilizers(T3,T4),the N and Mg content of flowering Chinese cabbage significantly increased,while the phosphorus and potassium content decreased compared with T1 and T2.In addition,the application of N-Mg synergistic fertilizer(T3,T4)significantly improved the quality of flowering Chinese cabbage.Compared with the T2 treatment,the T3 treatment increased the soluble sugar,soluble protein,and vitamin C content by 17.7%,21.4%,and 28.5%,respectively,on average.Compared with the T4 treatment,the T3 treatment increased the soluble sugar,soluble protein,and vitamin C content by 9.1%,5.5%,and 8.1%,respectively,on average.Overall,partially replacing compound fertilizer with Mg-containing N fertilizer can effectively promote the growth of flowering Chinese cabbage seedlings,significantly increase yield,markedly improve quality,and enhance nutrient absorption and utilization efficiency.Among which,replacing 50%of farmers'customary compound fertilizer yields the best results.Thus,in flowering Chinese cabbage production,replacing part of the compound fertilizer with Mg-containing N fertilizer can reduce N fertilizer input,improve N fertilizer utilization efficiency,alleviate Mg deficiency,and enhance quality,ultimately achieving the goal of high-yield,high-quality,and green vegetable production.关键词
氮镁协同/含镁氮肥/菜心/产量/养分吸收/品质Key words
N and Mg synergism/Mg-containing N fertilizer/flowering Chinese cabbage/yield/nutrient uptake/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郝勇舟,张白鸽,李静,栗振,黄文茵,常静静,郝艳淑,宋钊,陈潇,陈雷..氮镁协同肥料对菜心产量、品质及养分利用效率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2025,41(36):73-83,11.基金项目
广东省农业科学院低碳农业与碳中和研究中心"蔬菜、水稻种植过程碳排放规律及减排技术研究"(XTXM202204) （XTXM202204）
广东省乡村振兴战略专项"以农产品为单元的广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(蔬菜产业技术体系)"(2024CXTD08). （蔬菜产业技术体系）
