摘要
Abstract
Objective To analyze the types,age,gender and temporal change trend characteristics of pathogenic fungi causing superficial fungal diseases in a hospital in Shanghai from 2020 to 2024,theoretical support is provided for the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases.Methods The clinical data of patients with superficial mycosis who underwent fungal microscopic examination,fungal culture,and molecular biological testing in the Clinical Laboratory of Medical Mycology,the Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University were retrospectively collected from July 2020 to July 2024.The population characteristics such as gender and age of the patients,as well as the types and clinical distribution of pathogenic fungi were analyzed.Results A total of 3469 patients with superficial mycosis were included.The types of fungal specimens were dander,nail dander,nail groove secretions,broken or diseased hair,dandruff,secretions of the external genitalia,dander or pseudomembrane,and oral mucosa.The main pathogenic fungi were Trichophyton in 1782 strains(51.37%)and Candida in 888 strains(25.60%).The middle-aged group(aged 31-60 years)accounts for the largest proportion,among patients with tinea manuum,tinea pedis,tinea corporis,tinea cruris,tinea faciei,onychomycosis,and skin and mucous membrane fungal infections,while Malassezia mainly infects young people aged 15 to 30.Among patients of tinea pedis,tinea corporis,tinea cruris,tinea faciei,pityriasis versicolor and onychomycosis,the proportion of males is higher than that of females(P<0.05).In the past five years,fungal infections of the nails and hands have shown a downward trend,while infections of Malassezia have shown an upward trend.Conclusion The main pathogens of superficial mycosis in this hospital are Trichophyton and Candida.Different types of infections have specific high-incidence age groups.The distribution characteristics and epidemic trends of superficial mycosis are roughly consistent with the situation in most regions of China in recent years,but they also have their own unique features.关键词
黏膜真菌感染/病原真菌/皮肤癣菌Key words
mucosal fungal infection/pathogenic fungi/dermatophyte
