地质力学学报2025，Vol.31Issue(6)：1127-1145,19.DOI:10.12090/j.issn.1006-6616.2025104
地应力与地震研究进展及展望
Progress and perspectives in research on crustal stress and earthquakes
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The crustal stress state is a key physical parameter for understanding lithospheric dynamics,elucidating earthquake preparation mechanisms,and assessing regional seismic hazards.It also provides essential data for the optimal design,safe construction,and operation of major underground energy and geotechnical engineering projects.Systematically reviewing the research context in this field and clarifying the current progress and challenges can provide guidance for future research.[Methods]Through a systematic review and synthesis,we summarize the technical methodologies and the evolution of development paradigms in three interconnected domains:acquisition of crustal stress data,analysis and modeling of stress fields,and stress processes associated with earthquakes.[Results](1)Progress in stress information acquisition:Observation techniques have advanced from shallow to deep levels and from single-site measurements to network-based monitoring.Traditional methods have been continuously refined,while deep borehole in-situ techniques,such as elastic strain recovery(ASR)and differential strain curve analysis(DSCA),have extended observation depths beyond 5 km.The integration of multidisciplinary data has become a prominent trend.(2)Advances in stress field analysis and modeling:Methodologies have evolved from analytical and numerical approaches to an intelligent framework that integrates mechanisms,data,and knowledge.Numerical models have developed from two-dimensional elastic formulations to three-dimensional visco-elastoplastic representations,enabling the dynamic characterization of regional four-dimensional stress fields.(3)Developments in earthquake-related stress processes:In-situ stress measurements,Coulomb stress modeling,and combined physical-numerical experiments jointly reveal the cyclic pattern of"quiescence-accumulation-release-adjustment"during earthquake initiation,as well as stress triggering and shadow effects,and the physical mechanisms underlying fault instability nucleation.[Conclusion]Current research still faces challenges such as the scarcity of deep stress data,the complexity of integrating multi-source data,and the high uncertainty in determining the initial stress field.Future studies should focus on(1)developing intelligent,multi-method technologies for deep stress observation;(2)constructing machine learning-based inversion and four-dimensional dynamic stress field models constrained by physical principles;(3)advancing research on thermo-chemical-mechanical coupling rheology;and(4)promoting a new paradigm for seismic prediction that integrates stress mechanisms,big data,and expert knowledge.Thereby,future studies will provide a more robust scientific foundation for seismic risk assessment and disaster prevention and mitigation.[Significance]This review of advancements and prospects in crustal stress and earthquake research provides references and insights for the observation and analysis of seismic stress processes and for the research on seismic dynamic prediction methods.关键词
地应力/地震孕育/数值模拟/物理机制/智能预测Key words
crustal stress/earthquake nucleation/numerical simulation/physical mechanisms/intelligent forecasting分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
YANG Shuxin,YAO Rui,LI Yujiang,HUANG Luyuan,HU Xingping..地应力与地震研究进展及展望[J].地质力学学报,2025,31(6):1127-1145,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42174120,41804052) （42174120,41804052）
国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1000703) （2024ZD1000703）
国家重点研发计划(2018YFC1503403)This research is financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42174120 and 41804052),the National Science and Technology Major Project(Grant No.2024ZD1000703),and the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2018YFC1503403). （2018YFC1503403）
