干旱区研究2025，Vol.42Issue(12)：2153-2165,13.DOI:10.13866/j.azr.2025.12.01
昆仑山北坡三类暴雨的物理量及环流特征
Physical quantity characteristics and atmospheric circulation of different types of rainstorms on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains
摘要
Abstract
Accurate weather forecasting in the Kunlun Mountains relies on accurate determination of the physical-quantity characteristics and atmospheric circulation of different types of rainstorms on the northern slope of the mountains.This paper newly classifies the rainstorms on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains into short-term rainstorms,non-short-term rainstorms,and mixed rainstorms.The climatic characteristics,physical quantity parameters,and synoptic system configurations of these three rainstorm types are comparatively analyzed using data from ground automatic weather stations,conventional sounding data,and ERA-5 reanalysis data collected from 2016 to 2024.The results show that(1)rainstorms on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains are domi-nated by non-short-term rainstorms in summer,most frequently by nonshort-term rainstorms and mixed rain-storms in August and by short-term rainstorms in July.As the elevation increases,the frequency of mixed rain-storms increases while the frequencies of short-term rainstorms and non-short-term rainstorms increase and then decline.The range of rainstorms is wider in the western section than in the central section of the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains.The western section experiences many short-term rainstorms whereas the central section experiences a high incidence of non-short-term and mixed rainstorms.(2)The South Asia High presents a Qing-hai-Xizang high pattern during short-term rainstorms,an Iran high pattern during non-short-term rainstorms,and a two-center pattern during mixed rainstorms.All three rainstorm types occur to the right of the entrance zone of the upper level jet streams,where strong divergence and rising motion occur.(3)The rainstorms are dominantly influenced by the Central Asian trough system.During the short-term rainstorms,the Tarim easterly low level jet is not formed and the systematic dynamic uplift effect is relatively weak.Therefore,such rainstorms will more likely occur in areas with good thermal conditions.Non-short-term and mixed rainstorms are accompanied by abundant water vapor transported by the southern path and the formation of a strong Tarim easterly low level jet.The substantial forced-uplift effect facilitates rainstorm formation on the windward slope.(4)The water vapor conditions negligibly differ among the three types of rainstorms but the instability parameters are significantly higher during short-term rainstorms than during the other rainstorm types.The intensity of the deep vertical wind shear is typically moderate(weak)during short-term rainstorms(non-short-term rainstorms)and the short-term(non-short-term)precipitation is mainly generated by convective(stratiform)clouds.The deep vertical wind-shear intensity of mixed rainstorms is between those of the short-term and non-short-term rainstorms and is char-acterized by convective-cloud and stratiform-cloud precipitation.关键词
暴雨/物理量参数/环流配置/昆仑山北坡Key words
rainstorms/physical quantity parameters/atmospheric circulation/northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains引用本文复制引用
ZHANG Meng,YANG Xia..昆仑山北坡三类暴雨的物理量及环流特征[J].干旱区研究,2025,42(12):2153-2165,13.基金项目
"天山英才"培养计划(2023TSYCCX0077) （2023TSYCCX0077）
