湖泊科学2026，Vol.38Issue(1)：29-46,18.DOI:10.18307/2026.0101
湖泊水体溶解有机质行为及生态环境效应研究进展与展望
Progress and prospects on the behavior and eco-environmental effect of dissolved organ-ic matter in lakes
摘要
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter(DOM)is a substance characterized by a variety of structural compositions,complex physico-chemical properties and a wide molecular weight distribution.It is composed primarily of humic acids,fulvic acids,proteins,lip-ids and other organic components,as well as carboxylic acids,hydroxyl,phenolic,aldehyde and other reactive groups.DOM is u-biquitous in lake ecosystems,where it participates in a variety of biogeochemical processes.These processes influence the migra-tion,transformation and behavior of biotic elements and pollutants,and play an important role in the conversion of carbon sinks in ecosystems.DOM in lake water exhibits a variety of environmental behaviors.For instance,DOM can be adsorbed to the surface of water particles,and the distribution of DOM in the dissolved/suspended phase can be regulated;DOM in lakes will undergo photo-and microbial degradation,which will change the content and structural composition of DOM samples;the multifunctional groups in DOM in lakes can be easily complexed with metal ions,and can also undergo electron transfer to produce reactive oxygen species.Furthermore,the existence of DOM in lakes has been proven to have substantial ecological and environmental impacts.Specifical-ly,DOM in colloidal particles significantly influences the stability of these colloids and the transparency of the surrounding water.Moreover,the binding of DOM with heavy metals can change the bioavailability of these metals,thus influencing the well-being of lake ecosystems.Additionally,DOM in lakes can either facilitate the degradation of organic pollutants via reactive oxygen species mediation or impede this process by acting as a light shield.It is crucial to emphasize that the behavior and ecological effects of lake DOM are intricately linked to its molecular weight,active groups,and molecular structure.In this paper,we conduct a com-prehensive and systematic review of the behavior and ecological effects of lake DOM,as well as its correlation with molecular struc-ture composition.The findings of this review can offer valuable theoretical guidance and technical support for understanding the processes and mechanisms of lake pollution,implementing lake restoration and regulation measures,and formulating lake manage-ment and planning strategies.关键词
湖泊/溶解有机质/环境行为/生态环境效应/分子量分布/结构组成表征Key words
Lake/dissolved organic matter/environmental behavior/eco-environmental effect/molecular weight distribution/structural composition characterization引用本文复制引用
Xu Huacheng,Li Ang..湖泊水体溶解有机质行为及生态环境效应研究进展与展望[J].湖泊科学,2026,38(1):29-46,18.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3208900,2023YFC3208902)、国家自然科学基金项目(52525904,52479079)和青海省自然科学基金项目(2024-ZJ-936)联合资助. （2023YFC3208900,2023YFC3208902）
