湖泊科学2026，Vol.38Issue(1)：115-128,14.DOI:10.18307/2026.0114
农业流域小微水体沉积物磷形态及释放风险
Phosphorus forms of sediment and release risk in small water bodies in agricultural water-sheds
摘要
Abstract
In agricultural watersheds across China,small water bodies serve as important sites for the retention and storage of phos-phorus,acting as protective barriers for rivers and lakes.However,under conditions of long-term phosphorus accumulation and specific environmental factors,there is a risk of phosphorus being released.Currently,research on the risk of phosphorus release from small water bodies,and on the dynamic changes in phosphorus retention and release and the influencing factors through long-term experiments,is lacking.This study focuses on a typical agricultural watershed,conducting sediment sampling from four types of pond alongside a six-month static incubation experiment.The study analyses the phosphorus forms in sediments and the phos-phorus exchange dynamics at the sediment-water interface to assess the risk of phosphorus release from the ponds and its influencing factors.The results showed that:(1)The total phosphorus(TP)content of pond sediments was higher than that of other types of wetland,ranging from 0.55 to 3.02 g/kg.The highest phosphorus content was found in village ponds,while the lowest was ob-served in paddy ponds.(2)In the agricultural watersheds of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River and in ponds that have existed for a long time,phosphorus exchange at the sediment-overlying water interface exhibits significant seasonal variation:sediments release phosphorus to the overlying water in summer and autumn,while phosphorus settles from the overlying water to the sediments in autumn and winter.For ponds of a similar age,the phosphorus sink capacity decreased in the following order:forest pond＞paddy pond=dryland pond＞village pond.This study revealed large accumulations of phosphorus in agricultural ponds in China,highlighting their long-term function as phosphorus sinks which transform into sources during summer and autumn.The findings also clarified the influence of surrounding land use types and provided scientific guidance for improving management strate-gies for different pond types.These insights are applicable to the control of non-point source pollution and the protection of aquatic environments in rivers and lakes.关键词
水塘/沉积物磷形态/农业面源污染/"源—汇"转变/磷扩散通量Key words
Pond/phosphorus forms of sediment/agricultural non-point source pollution/"source-sink"transition/phosphorus diffusion flux引用本文复制引用
Liu Wenying,Ren Huanbo,Yi Jun,Shi Guangxiang,Zhang Liang,Huo Kerong,Li Sisi..农业流域小微水体沉积物磷形态及释放风险[J].湖泊科学,2026,38(1):115-128,14.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42207059)、国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3207400)和湖北省自然科学基金项目(2024AFA020,2025AFA108)联合资助. （42207059）
