有色金属科学与工程2025，Vol.16Issue(6)：837-847,11.DOI:10.13264/j.cnki.ysjskx.2025.06.001
含银铜基电触头复合材料废料中铜分离回收研究
Separation and recovery of copper from waste materials of silver-containing copper-based electrical contact composites
摘要
Abstract
The conventional sulfur-nitration process for recycling silver-containing copper-based electrical contact composites suffers from copper resource loss and generates ammonia-nitrogen wastewater.To address these issues,this study proposed a short-process,high-yield,and pollution-free direct electrolysis method using the H₂SO₄-CuSO₄system,where the waste material served as the soluble anode and a titanium plate as the cathode.The results showed that under constant pressure of 0.6 V,Cu2+concentration of 40 g/L,H2SO4 concentration of 160 g/L,temperature of 60℃,and electrolysis time of 10 h,the copper solubility rate reached more than 99.9%,producing high-purity copper of more than 99.9%.In addition,relevant electrochemical tests were carried out to find out the influence of Ni2+concentration on the kinetics of copper dissolution/deposition.The results showed that Ni2+concentration less than 10 g/L was more conducive to the dissolution of anode copper and could promote the electrocrystallization process of copper.In the presence of Ni2+,the reduction process of Cu2+was a quasi-reversible reaction controlled by diffusion.A Ni²⁺ concentration of 10 g/L in the solution was found to be the most conducive to the diffusion of Cu2+.The Ni²⁺ concentration did not affect the nucleation model of Cu deposition,which was predominantly a mixed model.Under the condition of 10 g/L Ni²⁺,the cathodic copper was sparse and porous with severe particle stacking when the potential was below 0.5 V,whereas a dense and smooth copper layer was obtained at a potential of 0.6 V.关键词
直接电解法/高纯铜/Ni2+浓度/铜溶解/沉积动力学Key words
direct electrolysis method/high-purity copper/Ni2+concentration/copper dissolution/deposition kinetics分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
PANG Junjie,LIAO Chunfa,LAI Wei,LIU Fupeng,ZHOU Xun..含银铜基电触头复合材料废料中铜分离回收研究[J].有色金属科学与工程,2025,16(6):837-847,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFC2907902) （2023YFC2907902）
江西省技术创新引导类计划资助项目(20212AEI91003) （20212AEI91003）
江西理工大学省级研究生创新专项资金资助项目(YC2023-S612,YC2024-S544) （YC2023-S612,YC2024-S544）
