国际眼科杂志2026，Vol.26Issue(1)：45-49,5.DOI:10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2026.1.08
氧化应激在早产儿视网膜病变中的机制研究进展
Research progress on the mechanisms of oxidative stress in retinopathy of prematurity
Li Na 1Qin Yirong 2Zhu Yi 2Peng Ribo2
作者信息
- 1. Department of Ophthalmology,Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital,Chongqing 404100,China||Shanghai Key Laboratory of Ocular Fundus Diseases,Shanghai 200080,China
- 2. Department of Ophthalmology,Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital,Chongqing 404100,China
- 折叠
摘要
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity(ROP)is a leading cause of childhood blindness,with extremely preterm and very-low-birth-weight infants now constituting the main high-risk group.ROP progresses in two stages:early retinal microvascular degeneration and progressive vascular arrest,followed by abnormal neovascularization in the avascular area.Early oxidative and nitrosative stress—amplified by oxygen fluctuations and immature antioxidant defenses—drives the two-phase pathogenesis via hypoxia-inducible factor/vascular endothelial growth factor(HIF/VEGF),NOX/STAT3,and nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf2)-antioxidant response element(ARE)pathways,mediating apoptosis of endothelial cells,damage to barrier and pathological angiogenesis.This review systematically analyzes different oxygen-induced retinopathy(OIR)models,elucidates key signaling pathways including Notch,Wnt in physiological and pathological vascularization,with particular emphasis on the biphasic effects of Nrf2 and the differential roles of NOX signaling between phases.We also discuss the limitations of anti-VEGF therapy and oxygen management principles.Reactive oxygen species(ROS)play context-dependent roles across vaso-obliteration and neovascularization phases.Based on mechanistic insights,we propose future directions including combined/sequential interventions,ferroptosis and lipid peroxidation targeting,nano-delivery systems for enhanced bioavailability,and perinatal safety assessment strategies,aiming to provide translatable mechanistic basis for reducing pathological neovascularization while promoting physiological vascular development.关键词
早产儿视网膜病变/氧化应激/亚硝化应激/Nrf2/NADPH氧化酶/铁死亡/临床转化Key words
retinopathy of prematurity/oxidative stress/nitrosative stress/nuclear factor erythroid 2 related factor 2(Nrf2)/NADPH oxidase/ferroptosis/clinical translation引用本文复制引用
Li Na,Qin Yirong,Zhu Yi,Peng Ribo..氧化应激在早产儿视网膜病变中的机制研究进展[J].国际眼科杂志,2026,26(1):45-49,5.
