国际眼科杂志2026，Vol.26Issue(1)：67-73,7.DOI:10.3980/j.issn.1672-5123.2026.1.12
儿童干眼诊断的研究进展
Research progress on the diagnosis of dry eye in children
摘要
Abstract
The prevalence of dry eye among children has been progressively increasing each year;however,clinical diagnosis remains challenging due to the unique physiological attributes of the pediatric tear film functional unit,as well as symptoms that are often atypical and clinical signs that differ from those seen in adults.In healthy children,tear secretion is generally greater,the meibomian gland structure is typically more intact,and the meibum composition and physicochemical properties are more favorable for the maintenance of tear film stability.Compared to adults,the etiology of pediatric dry eye is more frequently associated with meibomian gland dysfunction,allergic ocular conditions,orthokeratology lens wear,environmental influences,such as growing screen time,and systemic disorders.Affected children frequently exhibit non-specific symptoms such as excessive blinking or rubbing of the eyes,which may be overlooked due to their limited ability to verbalize discomfort.Clinical signs can include conjunctival hyperemia,decreased tear meniscus height,and corneal epithelial punctate lesions,though these tend to be milder or less distinct compared with adults.Diagnostic requires the use of age-appropriate tear metrics,such as the Schirmer test and tear film breakup time,alongside ocular surface evaluation,with particular attention to features specific to children that distinguish it from dry eye in adults.Going forward,it is essential to establish and validate pediatric-specific diagnostic criteria to improve ocular surface health and maximize visual quality in this vulnerable population.关键词
干眼/诊断/儿童Key words
dry eye/diagnosis/children引用本文复制引用
Yang Dan,Zeng Qingyan..儿童干眼诊断的研究进展[J].国际眼科杂志,2026,26(1):67-73,7.基金项目
武汉市卫健委科研项目资助(No.WX23A20) Science and Research Fund Project of Wuhan Municipal Health Commission(No.WX23A20) （No.WX23A20）
