农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(1)：104-113,10.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.01.010
玉米植株三维点云茎叶分割与表型解析
3D Point Cloud Stem-Leaf Segmentation and Phenotypic Analysis of Maize Plants
摘要
Abstract
Plant phenotyping plays a vital role in precision agriculture,crop breeding,and production management,among which maize phenotyping research is of particular significance for yield improvement,quality enhancement,and agricultural modernization.With the advantages of high precision and rich structural information,3D point cloud technology has emerged as an important tool in plant phenotyping.Compared with traditional 2D image-based methods,point clouds provide a more accurate description of plant organ morphology,thereby enabling precise monitoring of maize growth and extraction of phenotypic traits.Nevertheless,existing point cloud segmentation methods still face challenges in maize stem-leaf analysis,especially in recognizing newly emerging leaves,segmenting overlapping or closely spaced leaves,and delineating stem-leaf boundaries,which restricted the accuracy of phenotypic parameter measurement.To address these issues,a distance field-based stem-leaf segmentation method for maize point clouds was proposed.Specifically,Quickshift++and Minkowski distance fields were integrated with a constrained median-normalized region growing algorithm for precise stem extraction.Furthermore,the segmentation framework based on skeleton and optimal transport distance has been refined,enhancing the accuracy of boundary recognition between stems and leaves.Experiments were conducted on both self-collected and public maize point cloud datasets.The results demonstrated that the proposed method significantly improved segmentation accuracy and enhanced the precision of phenotypic trait extraction,including stem height,stem diameter,leaf length,and leaf width.The research result can provide methodological support for maize phenotyping and offer valuable references for intelligent agriculture and precision crop management.关键词
玉米表型/三维点云/茎叶分割/距离场/特征提取Key words
maize phenotyping/3D point cloud/stem-leaf segmentation/distance field/feature extraction分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
LIANG Yajie,HAN Dong,ZHANG Zhibin,ZHAO Mengdi,YANG Si..玉米植株三维点云茎叶分割与表型解析[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(1):104-113,10.基金项目
内蒙古自然科学基金项目(2024SHZR2067)、内蒙古大学高层次人才科研启动金项目(10000-A23206004)、中国博士后科学基金项目(2025MM772488)和北京市农林科学院博士后基金项目 （2024SHZR2067）
