陶瓷学报2025，Vol.46Issue(6)：1146-1156,11.DOI:10.13957/j.cnki.tcxb.2025.06.004
以聚硅氮烷为前驱体制备碳纤维网胎增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料
Ceramic Composite of Carbon-fiber Web Reinforced SiC Using Polysilazane as Adhesive
摘要
Abstract
[Background and purposes]Ceramic matrix composites(CMCs)exhibit excellent properties,such as high temperature resistance and corrosion wear resistance,thus finding wide applications in aerospace and other fields.Non-oxide CMCs,with SiC/Si3N4 matrix and carbon fiber reinforcement,can withstand over 2000 ℃ in inert environments.Preparation methods include CVI(low temperature but high cost),PIP(shorter cycle,more economical),SHP(simple process but fiber damage)and RMI(suitable for complex shapes but side reactions).Ceramic precursors(e.g.,polysilane,polycarbosilane)are key for PIP and prepreg hot-pressing,requiring processability and high ceramic yield.This study is aimed to focus on low-cost rapid forming of CMCs using thermosetting polysilazane precursor,achieving atmospheric low-temperature preparation via one-step hot-pressing-pyrolysis of carbon fiber web prepreg,while analyzing mechanical and friction properties for high-kinetic brake materials. [Methods]A cost-effective process was developed to produce shortcut-carbon-fiber web reinforced SiC composites.Preceramic slurry with no solvent was applied as matrix,composing of vinyl-containing polysilazane(PSZ-3112)as adhesive,SiC powders as additives and 1,6-diisocyanatohexane(HDI)as curing agent.Short-cut carbon fiber web was applied as reinforcement.The ceramic composites were readily prepared through five steps of prepregs,gelation,stacking,hot press and pyrolysis. [Results]The thermal curing of ViPSZ was accelerated by HDI,while the initial temperature and peaking temperature of exotherm were found at 83.5 ℃ and 118 ℃ respectively.The parameters of hot press were defined as follows:the mass ratio of Cw and slurry at 1∶10,the mass ratio of SiC∶ViLSZ∶HDI at 1.0∶1.0∶0.2,primary gelation at natural condition,processing pressure at 10 MPa and processing temperature at 150 ℃.After pyrolysis,the ceramic composites remained their original shape,the density was＞1.6 g·cm-3 and the good adhesion of interface between ceramic matrix and carbon fibers was ascertained by the SEM results.The friction coefficient was determined to be 0.25-0.40,while the wear rate was as low as 0.12-0.23 cm3·N-1·m-1.Therefore,the ceramic composites could be prepared by using the rapid hot-press process of polysilazane's carbon-fiber-web prepregs. [Conclusions]A solvent-free slurry was prepared by blending vinyl polysilazane(ViLSZ)as the matrix resin,silicon carbide(SiC)powder,and hexamethylene diisocyanate(HDI)curing agent.Short-cut carbon fiber web(Cw)was used as the reinforcement,while the ceramic matrix composites were successfully fabricated through processes including prepreg coating,pre-gelation,lamination,hot-pressing,and high-temperature pyrolysis.The HDI curing agent effectively promoted the curing reaction of ViLSZ with a curing peak at 118 ℃,which significantly improved the rheological properties of the slurry.The optimized hot-pressing parameters for prepreg(molding)determined by conditional tests were as follows:mass ratio of Cw to slurry 1∶10,mass ratio of SiC∶ViLSZ∶HDI 1.0∶1.0∶0.2,room-temperature gelation for 48 h,hot-pressing pressure of 10 MPa,and hot-pressing temperature of 150 ℃.After high-temperature sintering,the composites exhibited a density ≥1.75 g·cm-3,with strong interfacial bonding and slight debonding between the matrix and fibers.Friction coefficient of the Cw-reinforced SiC ceramic matrix composites ranged from 0.25 to 0.40,while the wear rate was as low as 0.12-0.23 cm3·N-1·m-1,indicating excellent tribological performance.关键词
短切碳纤维网胎/乙烯基聚硅氮烷/碳化硅陶瓷粉体/热压成型/陶瓷基复合材料Key words
short-cut carbon fiber web/vinyl-contaning polysilazane/silicon carbide additives/hot-press process/ceramic-matrix composite分类
化学化工引用本文复制引用
LIU Yiyang,WANG Zihan,HE Mei,ZHANG Chengshuang,XU Haidong,WANG Mingcun..以聚硅氮烷为前驱体制备碳纤维网胎增强碳化硅陶瓷基复合材料[J].陶瓷学报,2025,46(6):1146-1156,11.基金项目
国防科工局稳定支持项目(02007000192025601). （02007000192025601）
