土壤学报2025，Vol.62Issue(6)：1651-1664,14.DOI:10.11766/trxb202501150030
不同秸秆还田方式对土壤质量的影响及其效应评价
Effects of Different Straw Incorporation Methods on Soil Quality and Its Effect Evaluation
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Straw incorporation is a vital agricultural practice that positively impacts soil structure improvement,erosion mitigation,and fertility enhancement.Given the increasing pressure on agricultural systems to maintain high productivity while minimizing environmental degradation,scientific evaluation of soil quality under straw incorporation holds significant implications for advancing efficient straw utilization and achieving high crop yields.Soil quality assessment can guide farmers and policymakers in optimizing straw use efficiency,thereby supporting long-term crop productivity and ecological sustainability.This study focuses on evaluating the effects of different straw management strategies on paddy soil quality under a rice-rapeseed rotation system.It aims to analyze the impact of straw incorporation methods on soil physicochemical properties and elucidates the mechanisms of straw incorporation through soil quality assessment,providing theoretical support for sustainable soil management in rice-rapeseed rotation systems.[Method]To study the impact of straw incorporation on soil quality,three straw management practices were implemented:no straw return(CK),straw mulching(T1),and straw plowing(T2).Field experiments and laboratory analyses were conducted to assess differences in soil aggregate stability,nutrient distribution,and stoichiometry.The soil quality index(SQI)was calculated using the minimum data set(MDS)method while pathway analysis was employed to explore the mechanisms by which soil physicochemical factors affect soil quality.[Result]The results revealed that(1)Compared with the CK and T2 treatments,straw mulching significantly increased the content of soil>1 mm water-stable aggregates.The mean weight diameter(MWD)and geometric mean diameter(GMD)of soil aggregates increased by 6.60%and 23.58%,respectively,indicating that straw mulching enhanced structural stability.(2)T1 increased the organic carbon content of aggregates with different particle sizes,among which the nutrient levels of 2～1 mm aggregates were the highest.Notably,the>5 mm aggregates demonstrated the greatest nutrient contribution capacity,highlighting their role in long-term carbon sequestration.(3)T1 significantly increased the carbon-nitrogen ratio(C/N)and the carbon-phosphorus ratio(C/P).On the contrary,these ratios decreased under T2.(4)The soil quality assessment results based on the MDS revealed that T1 achieved the highest SQI,which was superior to CK and T2 whereas pathway analysis demonstrated that the direct influence of aggregate stability on SQI was the strongest(path coefficient=0.681).[Conclusion]Straw mulching optimizes soil quality by promoting the formation of large aggregates,enhancing aggregate stability,improving organic carbon sequestration,and balancing ecological chemometrics.It is the most effective strategy for improving soil health in rice-rapeseed rotation systems.In contrast,the benefits of straw plowing are limited,possibly due to carbon loss caused by disturbance.These findings provide farmers with actionable insights,indicating that straw mulching should be prioritized over plowing to maximize soil quality.关键词
秸秆还田/土壤质量指数/土壤团聚体/土壤养分/土壤生态化学计量比Key words
Straw incorporation/Soil quality index/Soil aggregate/Soil nutrients/Soil ecological stoichiometric ratio分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
CHEN Huirong,WANG Xiaoyan,XIANG Yiling,CHEN Zhanpeng,CHEN Fangxin..不同秸秆还田方式对土壤质量的影响及其效应评价[J].土壤学报,2025,62(6):1651-1664,14.基金项目
重庆市自然科学基金项目(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0117)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XDJK2017B025、XDJK2018B042)和国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202410635088)共同资助 Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0117)and the Fundamental Research Funds of the Central Universities of China(Nos.XDJK2017B025,XDJK2018B042)and National College Students'Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202410635088) （CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0117）
