土壤学报2025，Vol.62Issue(6)：1689-1698,10.DOI:10.11766/trxb202410080387
基于高镉积累水稻品种的土壤镉减量修复技术
Cadmium Reduction and Remediation Technology in Soil Based on a High-Cd-Accumulating Rice Cultivar
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Cadmium(Cd)is the major pollutant in China's agricultural soils,threatening soil environmental quality and the safety of agricultural products.Thus,reducing Cd contamination in polluted soils is crucial for improving soil environmental quality.Given that different rice varieties show a 10 to 32-fold difference in their ability to accumulate Cd and rice plants generally have a high biomass(16.3-22.7 t·hm-2),their potential to reduce soil Cd levels is unparalleled.[Method]In this study,multi-year and multi-location field trials were conducted using a high Cd-accumulating rice variety,W4,and field management measures were applied,such as draining paddy fields from the booting stage to maturity,to enhance soil Cd availability.The removal efficiency and stability of W4 in removing soil Cd were evaluated.[Result]In a three-year consecutive field trial conducted in Changshu(soil Cd:0.35 mg·kg-1,pH:5.61),results showed that the straw biomass of W4 was 13.6 to 16.1 t·hm-2 and 1.4 to 1.6 times higher than that of local conventional rice varieties.Its straw Cd concentration was 6.85 to 7.44 mg·kg-1,3.3 to 4.5 times higher than conventional varieties,and its grain Cd concentration was 2.38 to 3.38 mg·kg-1,6.3 to 9.4 times higher.The amount of Cd removed from the topsoil per season was 101.9 to 132.2 g·hm-2,with a removal efficiency of 11.8%to 16.5%,4.7 to 8.9 times higher than that of conventional rice.In a field trial in Xiangtan,Hunan Province(soil Cd:0.89 mg·kg-1,pH:5.50),the straw and grain yields of W4 were 13.8 t·hm-2 and 6.5 t·hm-2,with Cd concentrations of 10.22 mg·kg-1 and 6.05 mg·kg-1,respectively.The Cd removal amount in the aboveground part was 180.6 g·hm-2,with a removal efficiency of 7.4%.Model calculations suggest that the use of this high Cd-accumulating rice variety could reduce soil Cd from 1.0 mg·kg-1(safe use threshold for farmland)to 0.3 mg·kg-1(risk screening value)within nine planting seasons.[Conclusion]Given the low technical and cost barriers of rice cultivation,the use of high Cd-accumulating rice presents a simple,green,and efficient technology for reducing soil Cd levels in China.关键词
高镉积累水稻/镉/植物修复/移除效率Key words
High Cd-accumulating rice variety/Cadmium/Phytoremediation/Removal efficiency分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
TANG Zhixian,DONG Ge,TANG Zhong,ZHAO Fangjie,WANG Peng..基于高镉积累水稻品种的土壤镉减量修复技术[J].土壤学报,2025,62(6):1689-1698,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(42325701)资助 Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42325701) （42325701）
