实验技术与管理2025，Vol.42Issue(12)：10-18,9.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.12.002
寒区隧道衬砌构件水-热-力耦合加载模型试验设计
Experimental design of a coupled hydro-thermal-mechanical loading model for tunnel lining components in cold regions
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The expansion of China's transportation infrastructure has increased tunnel construction,particularly in cold regions at high altitudes and latitudes.These tunnels,under construction and in current operation,are inevitably affected by cold damage.Tunnel lining structures in cold regions are critically affected by the complex interplay of moisture,temperature,and mechanical stress,resulting in frost-induced cracking and notable structural deterioration,ultimately compromising long-term safety and durability.Although prior studies have predominantly focused on the evolution of concrete material properties,research on the overall structural response and failure mechanisms under multifield coupling conditions remains limited.[Methods]This study introduces an innovative hydro-thermal-mechanical(HTM)coupled loading experimental methodology specifically designed for tunnel lining components in cold regions.Utilizing concepts such as"replacing curves with straight lines"for structural equivalency,a"single-side cofferdam"to accurately represent groundwater conditions,and"freeze-thaw loading under external mechanical stress,"the experimental method effectively simulates real service conditions.Complementing the physical testing,a numerical simulation model was developed to enable a comprehensive analysis of temperature and moisture migration,mechanical stress evolution,and structural failure dynamics.[Results]HTM coupling results revealed the following:① pronounced hysteresis effects are observed in water-to-ice phase transitions,with external lining regions freezing rapidly and achieving full ice saturation sooner than the deeper layers.Thawing occurs more quickly in the outer regions,whereas deeper areas demonstrate a delayed thermal response,highlighting critical spatial variability in thermal-moisture behavior.② Stress analysis during freeze-thaw cycles shows considerable accumulation of frost-induced pressures at the lining surface,with von Mises stress greatly exceeding the compressive strength of the concrete,leading to combined compression-shear structural failure.Steel reinforcement,subjected to maximum axial forces nearing yield strength,underscores its crucial role in maintaining structural integrity during progressive damage stages.③ Displacement measurements under incremental loading reveal distinct deformation behaviors:an initial elastic phase transitions to a mildly nonlinear region,indicating initial plastic deformation and micro-cracking,culminating in a pronounced nonlinear stage characterized by rapid deflection increases,extensive cracking,and stiffness degradation.④Prolonged freeze-thaw cycles contribute to progressive surface deterioration,characterized by increasing spalling and aggregate exposure,ultimately resulting in weakened interfacial bonding and a notable reduction in compressive performance.[Conclusions]The design and results of this experiment offer a new perspective for students to study and understand the HTM coupling behavior of tunnel linings in cold regions and the associated modeling techniques.This methodology simplifies physical model testing while ensuring reliability and reproducibility.It has potential applications for investigating the multicoupling characteristics of similar underground structures in complex environments.The experimental approach and its findings provide essential insights into the degradation pathways and failure mechanisms of tunnel linings under intricate multifield coupling conditions,while establishing robust theoretical foundations and practical methodologies critical for performance evaluation,antifreezing design,and structural optimization in cold-region tunneling engineering.关键词
隧道衬砌/水-热-力耦合/复杂冻融/室内试验/数值仿真Key words
tunnel lining/hydro-thermal-mechanical coupling/complex freeze-thaw cycles/laboratory texting/numerical simulation分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
SUN Keguo,JIA Jinglong,FENG Kun,XU Weiping,ZHANG Huijian..寒区隧道衬砌构件水-热-力耦合加载模型试验设计[J].实验技术与管理,2025,42(12):10-18,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52178396) （52178396）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB2600900) （2021YFB2600900）
