中国癌症杂志2025，Vol.35Issue(12)：1140-1147,8.DOI:10.19401/j.cnki.1007-3639.2025.12.006
时空转录组解析乳腺癌淋巴结转移与免疫调控相关性的进展及展望
Advances in understanding the correlation between lymph node metastasis and immune regulation in breast cancer through spatiotemporal transcriptomic analysis
摘要
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women,and regional lymph node metastasis(LNM)is a critical prognostic indicator.As a vital component of the immune system,lymph nodes play a complex role in the dynamic process of tumor evolution and immune infiltration.In recent years,the application of high-throughput technologies such as single-cell sequencing,spatial transcriptomics,and mass cytometry has unveiled the heterogeneity of immune cells within the breast cancer tumor microenvironment(TME)and their pivotal role in LNM.This review summarized the dynamic changes and regulatory mechanisms of immune cell subsets during breast cancer LNM.Specifically,it detailed several key features:shared T-cell clonality between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes,which trends towards functional exhaustion;the duality of B cells,balancing between anti-tumor immunity associated with tertiary lymphoid structure(TLS)and pro-metastatic functions mediated by regulatory B cells(Bregs);the polarization of macrophages towards an M2 phenotype,accompanied by vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C)/podoplanin(PDPN)-related lymphangiogenesis and a decrease in CD169+macrophages;and the reinforcement of immunosuppression by LAMP3+dendritic cells(DCs)through the recruitment of regulatory T cells(Tregs)via the CCL17/CCL22-CCR4 axis.These advances collectively reveal the immunological mechanisms underlying the transformation of lymph nodes from a site of anti-tumor immunity to a pro-metastatic microenvironment.By integrating the latest findings from multi-omics studies,this article aimed to elucidate the deep immune regulatory network of LNM and to explore its clinical implications for emerging immunotherapeutic strategies,such as immune checkpoint inhibitors and tumor vaccines,providing a theoretical basis and new perspectives for the future realization of precise diagnosis and personalized treatment for breast cancer.关键词
乳腺肿瘤/淋巴结转移/免疫图谱/转录组学/肿瘤异质性Key words
Breast cancer/Lymph node metastasis/Immune profile/Transcriptomics/Tumor heterogeneity分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
WANG Xiaowen,BI Zhao,LING Yuanchao,ZHENG Luming,WANG Yongsheng,QIU Pengfei..时空转录组解析乳腺癌淋巴结转移与免疫调控相关性的进展及展望[J].中国癌症杂志,2025,35(12):1140-1147,8.基金项目
国 家 自 然 科 学 基 金(82172873,W2421095) （82172873,W2421095）
山东省自然科学基金项目(ZR2024LMB011) （ZR2024LMB011）
学科集群创新工程(GF003). National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172873,W2421095) （GF003）
Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(ZR2024LMB011) （ZR2024LMB011）
Discipline Cluster Innovation Project(GF003). （GF003）
