中国人口·资源与环境2025，Vol.35Issue(10)：159-171,13.DOI:10.12062/cpre.20250621
环境规制与污染企业选址
Environmental regulation and location choice of polluting enterprises:evidence from joint prevention and control policy for air pollution
摘要
Abstract
How environmental policy shapes local industrial restructuring is a question central to both environmental protection and economic development.This study used the"2+26"joint prevention and control policy for air pollution in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei(BTH)region as a quasi-natural experiment to identify its effects on industrial structure.Using firm-level business registration records and interregional equity investment data from 2015 to 2022,this study implemented a difference-in-differences-in-differences(DDD)design that contrasted regulated versus unregulated counties/districts,polluting versus non-polluting industries,and pre-versus post-policy periods.The results showed that:① In regulated counties/districts,both the number of new firm registrations and the amount of registered capital in polluting industries declined significantly after the policy,and these findings remained robust when controlling for concurrent environmental policies,indicating that strict control of new pollution sources fostered a green transformation of the industrial structure.② The declines were more pronounced for private firms and for larger-scale registrants,suggesting the policy imposed stron-ger constraints on more market-oriented and larger enterprises.③ Adjacent and neighboring counties/districts did not exhibit signifi-cant changes in polluting-industry registrations or registered capital,and regulated counties/districts reduced equity investments in pol-luting industries located in unregulated counties/districts.This pattern pointed to total quantity control of polluting industries at the sys-tem level rather than spatial relocation.Overall,the study demonstrated that tightening entry barriers for polluting industries could pro-mote green structural transformation by curbing the market entry of new pollution sources.Moreover,the absence of a traditional"pollu-tion haven"effect implied that well-coordinated environmental regulation could prevent high-pollution firms from relocating outside the policy area.Based on these findings,this study proposes the following policy recommendations:① strengthening cross-jurisdictional joint prevention and control mechanisms to deter relocation-based evasion,and ② formulating environmental policies that balance eco-logical goals with economic development,with a view to leveraging the implementation of environmental policies to drive industrial up-grading and structural transformation toward sustainable development.关键词
环境规制/产业结构/污染转移/跨地区投资Key words
environmental regulation/industrial structure/pollution transfer/cross-regional investment分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
ZHANG Wanqing,LI Shuo..环境规制与污染企业选址[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2025,35(10):159-171,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目"空气污染、气候变化和环境政策对我国产业结构转型和企业跨区域流动的影响"(批准号:71973003). （批准号:71973003）
