摘要
Abstract
Pharmacoeconomics,based on welfare economics,is a typical form of normative economics and uses cost-effectiveness thresholds as the standard for economic value judgment.In China,the commonly recommended threshold of 1 to 3 times gross domestic product(GDP)per capita serves as a reference,but the actual thresholds used in reimbursement decisions are not publicly disclosed.Willingness-to-pay(WTP),a widely used threshold source,is often applied in decision-making within the first quadrant of the cost-effectiveness plane.In contrast,decisions in the third quadrant should theoretically use willingness-to-accept(WTA),which is approximately twice the value of WTP.The discrepancy between WTP and WTA arises mainly from individual preferences,the availability of substitutes,and the endowment effect.This leads to a"distortion"of the threshold on the cost-effectiveness plane,forming a"bent"threshold curving toward the third quadrant.This not only raises the threshold in the third quadrant but also influences the probability of economic acceptability for a drug under the cost-effectiveness acceptability curve.Although drugs in the third quadrant may be slightly less effective but lower in cost,they can improve overall health outcomes through better resource allocation in resource-limited settings and therefore deserve policymakers'attention.关键词
药物经济学/第三象限/阈值/成本-效果平面/意愿支付/意愿接受/"拐弯"阈值Key words
Pharmacoeconomics/Third quadrant/Threshold/Cost-effectiveness plane/Willingness-to-pay/Willingness-to-accept/"Bent"threshold分类
医药卫生
