中国水土保持科学2025，Vol.23Issue(6)：78-87,10.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2025007
基于淤地坝沉积信息解译砒砂岩区小流域土壤侵蚀演变特征
Interpretation of soil erosion evolution characteristics in small watersheds in Pisha sandstone area based on sedimentary information of check dam
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The Pisha sandstone area represents one of the most severely eroded regions on the Loess Plateau.However,current research on the characteristics of soil erosion evolution in this area remains insufficient,failing to meet the demands of high-quality soil and water conservation development.Check dams,while intercepting and storing sediment,preserve valuable information related to erosion and sediment yield.This makes them highly effective for reflecting the evolutionary characteristics of soil erosion at the watershed scale.Furthermore,research on soil erosion inversion serves as an effective approach for evaluating the benefits of soil and water conservation measures.[Methods]Therefore,this study selected the small check dam in Lujiagou within the Huangfuchuan watershed of the Pisha sandstone region as the research subject.By examining the correspondence between sediment deposition data from the check dam and rainfall erosivity from 2007 to 2022,this research elucidated the characteristics of soil erosion evolution in the watershed.[Results]1)Based on the relationship between annual cumulative rainfall erosivity and annual cumulative sediment deposition from 2007 to 2022,the study period was divided into three distinct phases:Phase I(2007-2012),Phase II(2013-2017),and Phase III(2018-2022).The total erosion modulus for these phases was calculated at 25 652.45,6 071.32,and 26 492.85 t/km2,respectively.Correspondingly,the average annual erosion modulus for each phase was 5 130.49,1 214.26 and 5 298.57 t/km2.Analysis revealws a clear increasing trend in rainfall erosivity across the sequential phases within this small watershed.This observed intensification in rainfall erosivity was primarily attributable to rainfall events exceeding 35 mm.The contribution of these heavy rainfall events to the total increase in rainfall erosivity was particularly significant,accounting for 149.87%and 105.60%of the total increase in the respective transitional periods between phases.2)Both the soil erosion modulus and the erosion modulus per unit rainfall erosivity exhibited a trend of initial decrease followed by an increase across the three phases.Specifically,the erosion modulus per unit rainfall erosivity in phases II and phases III was lower than that in phases I,with reductions of 804.27 and 410.03 t·h/(MJ·mm),respectively.[Conclusions]The capacity of vegetation to control soil erosion exhibits a threshold effect.When the rainfall erosivity of heavy rain and above events increased from 23.27 MJ·mm/(hm2·h)in Phase II to 32.64 MJ·mm/(hm2·h)in Phase III,the erosion modulus per unit rainfall erosivity rose from 178.20 t·h/(MJ·mm)to 572.45 t·h/(MJ·mm).The findings of this study can provide a scientific reference for evaluating the benefits of soil and water conservation measures in the Pisha sandstone region.关键词
砒砂岩/淤地坝/降雨侵蚀力/泥沙淤积/土壤侵蚀演变Key words
Pisha sandstone/check dam/rainfall erosivity/sediment deposition/soil erosion evolution分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
XING Huimin,ZHANG Tiegang,GAO Yong,LIU Yanping,WANG Chenguang,ZHANG Zhijian,YANG Zhenqi,YANG Qiyuan..基于淤地坝沉积信息解译砒砂岩区小流域土壤侵蚀演变特征[J].中国水土保持科学,2025,23(6):78-87,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划"风沙侵蚀动力特征及空间分布"(2022YFF130080102) （2022YFF130080102）
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金"砒砂岩区坝控小流域泥沙来源及贡献率研究"(2021MS04022)和鄂尔多斯水利局科技项目"重点水土流失区生态系统(西黑岱流域)水土保持综合整治技术集成效益评估"(2022SLKJ01) （2021MS04022）
