植物营养与肥料学报2025，Vol.31Issue(12)：2445-2456,12.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.2025070
湖北省一季中稻施肥现状及区域分布特征
The status quo of fertilization and regional characteristics in mid-season rice production of Hubei Province
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]We investigated the current situation and regional characteristics of fertilization in single-season rice production in Hubei Province,to evaluate the effects of the implementation of Chemical Fertilizer Reduction and the Efficiency Increase Action,clarify the existing problems,and explore necessary solutions for the two actions in Hubei Province.[Methods]In 2023,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 6475 rice farmers in Hubei Province,using"one-to-one"and"face-to-face"survey methods.The survey covered a wide range of topics,including planting area,NPK fertilizer application amounts,types of fertilizers used,compound fertilizer formula for base fertilization,fertilization frequency and methods,as well as yield and other relevant data.Subsequently,the application proportions and amounts of N,P,and K fertilizers,the yield,and fertilizer utilization efficiencies were calculated on a regional scale across Hubei Province.[Results]In Hubei Province,the N and P2O5 input levels for one-crop mid-season rice were considered relatively reasonable,averaging 170.1 kg/hm2 and 63.0 kg/hm2,respectively.However,the K2O input,averaging 81.2 kg/hm2,exceeded the recommended levels and could potentially be reduced.In southeastern Hubei,a significant proportion of farmers applied insufficient amounts of N and P fertilizers(49.9%for N and 39.4%for P fertilizer),while 59.6%applied excessive K fertilizers.In the central and northern regions,41.4%and 39.1%of farmers applied insufficient N and P fertilizers,and 59.5%applied excessive K fertilizers.In the Jianghan Plain,36.3%and 52.1%of farmers applied excessive N and K fertilizers,respectively,while 55.9%applied insufficient P fertilizers.Western Hubei showed a particularly high rate(66.8%)of insufficient P application.The survey of fertilizer types revealed that 95.9%of rice farmers applied for compound fertilizers as base fertilizer,followed by organic fertilizers(36.2%).When it comes to topdressing,56.1%of farmers chose urea,with compound fertilizer as the second choice(22.0%).The formulas of N,P,and K in base-applied compound fertilizers were notably diverse.Fertilization frequency was mainly twice per season(70.2%),followed by once(15.0%).[Conclusions]The efforts to reduce chemical fertilizer use and enhance efficiency in one-season mid-season rice cultivation in Hubei Province have yielded remarkable results.The input of N and P2O5 nutrients is well-balanced,while there is room for reducing K2O inputs.Significant regional variations in nutrient inputs were observed.Therefore,it is suggested that slow-release fertilizers tailored to rice cultivation should be developed based on the regional characteristics.Additionally,the wide adoption of mechanical side-deep fertilization technology is encouraged to further reduce chemical fertilizer use and promote the green and sustainable development of rice cultivation.关键词
湖北省/问卷调查/一季中稻/施肥现状/施肥水平/肥料品种/区域特征Key words
Hubei Province/questionnaire survey/one-season middle rice/fertilization statue quo/fertilizer input level/fertilizer type/regional characteristics引用本文复制引用
ZHANG Xin-rui,DAI Zhi-gang,AILI·SIDIKE,GUO Wei-hong,GONG Xi-min,LI Xiao-kun..湖北省一季中稻施肥现状及区域分布特征[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2025,31(12):2445-2456,12.基金项目
湖北省现代农业水稻产业技术体系项目(2023HBSTX4-01) （2023HBSTX4-01）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(2662024YJ023). （2662024YJ023）
