职业技术教育2026，Vol.47Issue(1)：36-44,9.
国际中等职业教育发展现状、实施特征与未来趋势
Development Status,Implementation Characteristics and Future Trends of International Secondary Vocational Education
摘要
Abstract
Driven by a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation,secondary vocational education has become a crucial link connecting the education system and the labor market,with its reform and development elevated to national strategies in many countries.Taking nine countries as research subjects,based on OECD reports and policy documents from various countries,the paper systematically compares and analyzes the current development status,implementation characteristics and future trends of secondary vocational education.The study finds that all countries have established the strategic position of secondary vocational education through top-level design,forming three types of orientations;the development scale exhibits a differentiated and stable student allocation structure;the timing of student allocation and the design of schooling systems fall into two categories;the schooling models encompass dual-driven models by schools and enterprises and school-based dominant models,while funding inputs correspond to three mechanisms:shared responsibility,national welfare and strategy-driven.In terms of implementation characteristics,curriculum and teaching have formed diverse models such as work-study alternation and modularization;teacher development emphasizes the"double-qualified"standard that combines industry experience with pedagogical methods;assessment and certification are differentiated into summative evaluation,formative evaluation and hybrid paradigms;an overpass for lifelong learning through vertical integration and horizontal connection is built.International secondary vocational education is presenting three major development trends:evolving towards an open and integrated lifelong learning system,deeply integrating digital and green skills into teaching,and moving towards agile response and intelligent governance.关键词
中等职业教育/教育体系/OECDKey words
secondary vocational education/education system/OECD分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
Wang Sidi,Zhang Qiwu..国际中等职业教育发展现状、实施特征与未来趋势[J].职业技术教育,2026,47(1):36-44,9.基金项目
吉林省教育科学"十四五"规划基地专项课题"人口变动背景下吉林省职业教育资源优化配置研究"(BJD07),主持人:王斯迪 （BJD07）
吉林省教育厅科学研究重点项目"省域职业教育产教融合效能评价与影响机制研究"(JJKH20260328SK)主持人:张祺午 （JJKH20260328SK）
吉林省教育厅科学研究一般项目"类型教育背景下中国职业教育博物馆'三维一体'课程化育人模式构建研究"(JJKH20260346SK),主持人:王斯迪 （JJKH20260346SK）
吉林省职业教育与成人教育教学改革一般项目"职业教育博物馆课程资源开发与应用研究"(2025ZCY451),主持人:王斯迪 （2025ZCY451）
