摘要
Abstract
Bats(order Chiroptera)are the only mammals capable of powered flight.They exhibit lifespans signifi-cantly longer than those of other mammals of similar body size,show natural tolerance to many highly pathogenic viruses,and display remarkably low cancer incidence.These unique traits make bats an important model for studying anti-aging,viral immunity,tumor suppression,and metabolic adaptation.In recent years,evidence from ecology,evolution,genom-ics,transcriptomics,biochemistry and molecular biology,and animal models has revealed that bat longevity is closely linked to telomere maintenance,DNA(deoxyribonucleic acid)repair,and inflammation regulation;their viral tolerance arises from distinctive interferon systems,inflammasome modulation,and innate immune response patterns;and their low cancer incidence may be associated with enhanced p53 pathways,maintenance of genome stability,and repression of retrotransposons.In addition,bats have evolved highly efficient energy metabolism,antioxidant defenses,and blood glu-cose regulation systems to meet the high energetic demands of flight.This review systematically summarizes the molecu-lar adaptations of bats in aging,immunity,cancer,and metabolism,and discusses their potential in translational medi-cine,with the aim of providing new perspectives for the prevention and treatment of human diseases.Future research should integrate multidisciplinary approaches to further elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and accelerate the translation of fundamental discoveries into clinical applications.关键词
蝙蝠/抗衰老/病毒耐受/肿瘤抑制/代谢适应/转化医学Key words
bats/anti-aging/viral tolerance/tumor suppression/metabolic adaptation/translational medicine分类
生物科学
