灌溉排水学报2026，Vol.45Issue(1)：9-16,8.DOI:10.13522/j.cnki.ggps.2025265
不同灌溉方式下河套灌区玉米生长特性及水肥利用效率
Growth and resource use efficiency of maize under different irrigation methods in Hetao Irrigation District
摘要
Abstract
[Background and Objective]Agriculture in Hetao Irrigation District(HID)is highly dependent on irrigation due to its scarce precipitation and high evaporation.Reduced Yellow River water allocation and strict water resource management in recent years have exacerbated irrigation water scarcity in the district.However,over 90％of irrigation still relies on surface irrigation,causing severe water-fertilizer waste and low irrigation water and nitrogen use efficiency.Although mulched drip irrigation has been applied in HID,the associated crop nitrogen uptake and its effects on crop growth remain elusive.This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap.We investigated the effects of mulched surface irrigation and mulched drip irrigation on growth traits,nutrient uptake and yield formation of spring maize.[Method]A three-year experiment was conducted from 2021 to 2023 using a randomized complete block design in a spring maize field.During the experiment,we measured the plant height,stem diameter,leaf area index(LAI),and aboveground dry matter accumulation at the whorl stage,late whorl stage,tasseling stage,grain-filling stage and maturity stage.We also measured plant nitrogen uptake,grain yield and yield components(ear length,ear diameter,unfilled tip length,kernel rows per ear,kernels per row,kernel number per ear,and 100-grain weight),and water and nitrogen use efficiency metrics(irrigation water productivity,agronomic nitrogen use efficiency of the plant.[Result]Compared with surface irrigation,mulched drip irrigation increased the plant height,stem diameter,LAI at the tasseling stage,and the aboveground dry matter at maturity stage by 3.90％,18.00％,13.03％,and 5.05％,respectively;as a result,it increased the grain yield by 11.72％and 100-grain weight by 17.87％.We also found that,compared with surface irrigation,mulched drip irrigation increased plant nitrogen uptake,irrigation water productivity,agronomic nitrogen use efficiency,and nitrogen absorption efficiency by 6.75％,123.47％,21.59％and 26.15％respectively.[Conclusion]Mulched drip irrigation could reduce irrigation water usage by 45.22％,increase maize yield by 11.72％,and significantly improve irrigation water productivity and nitrogen use efficiencies of spring maize in the Hetao Irrigation District.关键词
膜下滴灌/地面灌溉/生长指标/吸氮量/高产高效Key words
mulched drip irrigation/surface irrigation/growth dynamics/nitrogen uptake/high yield and productivity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
邵梦璇,刘海军,居雯雯,王珂珂..不同灌溉方式下河套灌区玉米生长特性及水肥利用效率[J].灌溉排水学报,2026,45(1):9-16,8.基金项目
内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2023YFHH0099) （2023YFHH0099）
"科技兴蒙"行动重点专项项目(NMKJXM20230103-4) （NMKJXM20230103-4）
