化工进展2025，Vol.44Issue(12)：7319-7328,10.DOI:10.16085/j.issn.1000-6613.2024-2073
浮选金尾矿电氯化浸出与电絮凝提取性能及机理
Performance and mechanism of electro-chlorination leaching and electrocoagulation extraction of flotation gold tailings
摘要
Abstract
Flotation gold tailings contain a certain amount of gold and other valuable elements,thus having recycling value.However,problems such as low leaching efficiency and difficulties in extracting gold from low concentration leaching solutions exist.Therefore,a new process of electro-chlorination leaching combined with electrocoagulation extraction of gold was proposed.The use of electro-generated chlorine to assist hydrochloric acid leaching could significantly improve the gold leaching rate of flotation gold tailings,and the positively charged colloids generated by electrocoagulation could efficiently capture trace aquo-gold ions in the solution.The experimental results showed that the electro-chlorination leaching of flotation gold tailings with a particle size range of 50-75μm could achieve ideal leaching results.The influence of the stirring speed on the electro-chlorination leaching rate was not significant,while the hydrochloric acid concentration,liquid-solid ratio and temperature were the key factors dominating the electro-chlorination leaching effect.Electrocoagulation exhibited significant adsorption selectivity for gold ions in the leachate.At a pH of 6,a plate voltage of 2V and a plate spacing of 2cm,the electrocoagulation gold extraction efficiency was approximately 100％.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer(EDS),X-ray diffractometer(XRD)and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer(XPS)were used to characterize the microscopic morphology and material composition of flotation gold tailings,tailings leaching residues and gold-containing flocs.Theoretical studies showed that the oxidizing chlorine generated by electro-chlorination and the polarization effect of the anode enhanced the dissolution of gold and improved the leaching rate.The iron ions generated by the anode electrolysis of electrocoagulation hydrolyzed to form positively charged iron hydroxide colloids,which underwent electrostatic adsorption and redox reactions with negatively charged AuCl4-ions in the solution,thus realizing the efficient extraction of gold.The research results can provide theoretical and technical bases for the efficient and low-cost extraction and recovery of low-grade flotation gold tailings,and provide methodological references for the development of electrochemical leaching and rare and precious metal extraction technologies.关键词
浸取/电絮凝/吸附/还原/黄金回收Key words
leaching/electrocoagulation/adsorption/reduction/gold recovery分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
姚管伟,戴国夫,彭超,杨家豪,王维楠,段晨龙,李鹏..浮选金尾矿电氯化浸出与电絮凝提取性能及机理[J].化工进展,2025,44(12):7319-7328,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1303305) （2022YFF1303305）
深地国家科技重大专项(2024ZD1004002) （2024ZD1004002）
中国博士后科学基金面上项目(2024M763558) （2024M763558）
国家自然科学基金(52104173) （52104173）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2023ZDPY02). （2023ZDPY02）
