建筑结构学报2025，Vol.46Issue(12)：19-30,12.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2025.0046
铝合金人行桥结构优化设计及金属3D打印
Structural optimization design and metal 3D printing of an aluminium alloy pedestrian bridge
摘要
Abstract
The integration of structural optimization design and metal 3D printing represents a significant trend in designing and constructing complex,lightweight metal structures.To address the challenge of coordinating lightweight design with printability in metal additive manufacturing,this paper proposes an integrated design and construction method for small-scale metal bridges that considers overhang manufacturing constraints and mechanical performance indicators.Firstly,establishing layout and geometric optimization methods for truss structures and conducting topology optimization design of bridge trusses;secondly,developing a node-progressive shell structure shape optimization method based on the inverse hanging method,and implementing shape optimization for the bridge deck;thirdly,performing finite element analysis to verify the mechanical performance of the optimized metal bridge structure against design requirements;finally,investigating 3D printing path simulation and process parameters for metal bridge structures,accompanied by experimental WAAM-based 3D printing of an aluminum alloy bridge.The results demonstrate that integrating structural optimization with WAAM technology successfully achieves coordinated lightweight design and printability for aluminum alloy bridges.Specifically,geometry optimization with 30°self-supporting angle constraints reduces the bridge truss volume by 27.9％compared to the initial layout optimization.Shape optimization based on the inverse hanging method significantly enhances the stiffness and material efficiency of the bridge deck.Finite element verification confirms that the optimized structure meets safety standards,with nonlinear buckling analysis showing critical load factors all exceeding 14,indicating substantial safety reserves.The established stepwise optimization framework and load-bearing performance verification system effectively reconcile mechanical performance requirements with printability constraints,providing both a research foundation and design references for 3D printing and practical engineering applications of such metal bridge structures.关键词
铝合金桥梁/拓扑优化/悬垂约束/形状优化/金属3D打印/路径规划Key words
aluminium alloy bridge/topology optimization/overhang constraint/shape optimization/metal 3D printing/path planning分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
叶俊,王跃达,全冠,丁超,王震,赵阳..铝合金人行桥结构优化设计及金属3D打印[J].建筑结构学报,2025,46(12):19-30,12.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52208215,52078452),浙江省基础公益研究计划项目(LQ22E080008,LGG22E080005). （52208215,52078452）
