麦类作物学报2026，Vol.46Issue(1)：68-76,9.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1009-1041.2026.01.08
黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)农艺性状差异解析及聚类分析
Analysis of Agronomic Trait Differences and Cluster Analysis among Wheat Varieties(Lines)in Huang-Huai Wheat Region
摘要
Abstract
In or der to under stand the difference of agronomic traits among different wheat varieties(lines)in Huang-Huai wheat region,this study analyzed 626 wheat varieties(lines)participated in the national wheat regional trials in the Huang-Huai wheat region from 2015 to 2023,focusing on seven traits:heading date,spikelet number,spike length,average length of rachis node,kernels per spike,plant height,and thousand-kernel weight.The results showed that in the southern zone of the Huang-Huai Wheat Region,heading date was positively correlated with kernels per spike and spikelet number;plant height was positively correlated with spike length and spikelet number;whereas no such correlations were observed in the northern zone.This indicates that dwarf plants with large spikes coordinated the reduction in plant height with a moderate delay in heading date,possibly achie-ving stable spike length and increased kernels per spike in the southern zone,ultimately leading to shorter average length of rachis node.There was no significant correlation between kernels per spike and thousand-kernel weight,suggesting possible synergistic improvement of both traits.In contrast,there is a significant negative correlation between the two traits in the northern zone,indicating a trade-off between two traits.Significant differences were observed between the southern and northern zones in spike and plant-related agronomic traits.Longer spikes and average rachis node length,more spikelets,greater thousand-kernel weights,earlier heading dates,and shorter plant heights were ob-served in the varieties(lines)from southern zone compared to those in northern zone.Phenotypic differences were also varied across provinces.Varieties(lines)bred by Henan breeding institutions ex-hibited the highest thousand-kernel weights and more spikelet numbers,with spike lengths only shor-ter than those from Jiangsu.Varieties bred by Shaanxi breeding institutions showed highest kernels per spike.Shandong varieties exhibited the shortest spikes and latest heading dates but were shorter in plant height than those from Jiangsu,Hebei,and Anhui province.Jiangsu varieties(lines)showed the longest spikes but the fewest spikelets and longest average rachis nodes.Based on the seven agro-nomic traits,the 626 varieties(lines)were classified into two major groups,which were further divid-ed into four subgroups.Subgroup classification was associated with breeding provinces and agronomic traits.Varieties(lines)in subgroup 1-2 had more spikelet and kernels per spike,and great thousand-kernel weight.These advantages were mostly inherited from Zhoumai series varieties(lines),which can be used for genetic improvement of wheat spike traits.关键词
黄淮麦区/农艺性状/不同省份/聚类分析Key words
Huang-Huai wheat region/Agronomic traits/Different provinces/Cluster analysis分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
杨剑,张玉娥,王岩,李梦达,胡卫国,王西成,曹廷杰..黄淮麦区小麦品种(系)农艺性状差异解析及聚类分析[J].麦类作物学报,2026,46(1):68-76,9.基金项目
河南省科技攻关项目(232102111075) （232102111075）
河南省农业科学院优青项目(2024YQ01) （2024YQ01）
河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2025ZC02) （2025ZC02）
