北方农业学报2025，Vol.53Issue(5)：25-35,11.DOI:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.05.03
秸秆还田方式对辽东南地区玉米生长及棕壤土壤养分的影响
Effects of straw returning methods on maize growth and brown soil nutrients in southeastern Liaoning Province
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To elucidate the effects of straw returning methods on maize growth and brown soil nutrients in southeastern Liaoning Province.[Methods]From 2022 to 2023,five treatments:no-tillage without straw returning(NT),no-tillage with straw mulching and returning(NTSR),plough tillage with straw returning(PTSR),rotary tillage with straw returning(RTSR)and strip rotary tillage with straw returning(SRTSR)were established at the experimental site of Dandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Fengcheng,Liaoning Province.To analyse the impacts of these treatments on maize dry matter accumulation,yield and yield components,and physical and chemical parameters of the plow layer soil.[Results]In 2022,total dry matter accumulation of maize under NT and SRTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under PTSR treatment(P<0.05),pre-silking dry matter accumulation under NT treatment was significantly higher than that under NTSR and PTSR treatments(P<0.05),post-silking dry matter accumulation under NTSR treatment was significantly higher than that under PTSR treatment(P<0.05).In 2023,total dry matter accumulation under RTSR and SRTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under the other treatments(P<0.05),and that under NT and PTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under NTSR treatment(P<0.05),pre-silking dry matter accumulation under PTSR and SRTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under NTSR treatment(P<0.05),post-silking dry matter accumulation under RTSR treatment was significantly higher than that under NT,PTSR,and NTSR treatments(P<0.05).In 2022,yield under NT treatment was 4.82%,7.54%,23.96%,and 24.06%higher than that under SRTSR,NTSR,PTSR,and RTSR treatments,respectively;in 2023,yield under RTSR treatment was 2.87%,6.13%,8.46%,and 23.90%higher than that under SRTSR,NT,PTSR,and NTSR treatments,respectively.Soil total nitrogen content in 2022 was PTSR>RTSR>SRTSR>NT>NTSR,with PTSR treatment was 1.82%,4.68%,17.50%,and 21.35%higher than the other treatments,respectively;in 2023,the soil total nitrogen content was PTSR>RTSR>SRTSR>NTSR>NT,with PTSR treatment was 5.52%,12.63%,15.98%,and 19.58%higher than the other treatments,respectively.In 2022,soil bulk density under NT treatment was significantly higher than that under RTSR and PTSR treatments(P<0.05);in 2023,soil bulk density under NT and NTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under the other treatments(P<0.05),and SRTSR and RTSR treatments was significantly higher than PTSR treatment(P<0.05).The average soil organic matter content across all treatments in 2023 was 5.11%higher than that in 2022,RTSR and PTSR treatments was significantly higher than the other treatments in 2022 and 2023(P<0.05),and soil organic matter content under NTSR and SRTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under NT treatment(P<0.05).There was no significant differences in soil total salt content between years(P>0.05);in 2022,soil total salt content under RTSR treatment was significantly higher than that under NTSR,PTSR,and NT treatments(P<0.05);in 2023,soil total salt content under RTSR and SRTSR treatments was significantly higher than that under the other treatments(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Straw returning can significantly affect maize dry matter accumulation and distribution in southeastern Liaoning Province,promote increases in organic matter and total nitrogen contents in the plow layer of brown soil,and reduce soil bulk density.关键词
秸秆还田/辽东南地区/玉米/生长发育/棕壤/土壤养分Key words
Straw returning/Southeastern Liaoning Province/Maize/Growth and development/Brown soil/Soil nutrients分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
薛兵东,张丽丽,莫姣娇,赵新宇,刘永富,齐华..秸秆还田方式对辽东南地区玉米生长及棕壤土壤养分的影响[J].北方农业学报,2025,53(5):25-35,11.基金项目
辽宁省博士科研启动基金计划项目(2022-BS-362) （2022-BS-362）
兴辽英才计划(XLYC2203128) （XLYC2203128）
粮食丰产增效科技创新项目(2017YFD0300705-A04,2016YFD0300304) （2017YFD0300705-A04,2016YFD0300304）
