农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(2)：19-31,142,14.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.02.003
基于分散机制的条播小麦播量监测装置设计与试验
Design and Experiment of Strip-sowing Wheat Sowing Quantity Monitoring Device Based on Dispersion Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
Aiming at the problem of insufficient monitoring accuracy of high-speed seed flow caused by increased seeding rates and high-efficiency seeding during wheat sowing,a method was proposed to disperse high-frequency seed flow into multiple low-frequency seed flows for parallel monitoring.A wheat seed flow monitoring device,combining a dispersion mechanism with through-beam infrared photoelectric sensors,was designed.By analyzing the movement of the seed flow within the dispersion device,a motion model was established,identifying the key factors affecting dynamic process of wheat seeds passing through the dispersion device was simulated by using the discrete element method(EDEM).Firstly,parameter optimization tests were conducted on a single dispersion plate,yielding optimal mechanism parameters:an upper dispersion plate radius of 52.70 mm and an angle of 5.41°.Building on this parameter optimization tests for a double dispersion plate were performed,resulting in optimal parameters of a lower dispersion plate radius of 64.95 mm,an inclination angle of 7.48°,and a vertical distance of 13.59 mm between the two plates.Under these conditions,the coefficient of variation for dispersion uniformity did not exceed 21.06%.A bench test of the dispersion performance was conducted by using the optimal parameters.Results showed that the coefficient of variation for dispersion uniformity was no more than 21.94%,with an error between bench test and simulation results of less than 5%.A collimated infrared photoelectric sensor was employed to collect seed drop signals.After capacitor filtering,two-stage amplification,half-wave rectification,voltage comparison,and monostable triggering processing,eight independent pulse signals were generated,which could be captured by the microcontroller.The microcontroller,via an interrupt service routine,counted seeds in each channel and accumulated the total,thereby establishing a high-frequency wheat seeding amount monitoring system.Bench tests of monitoring accuracy demonstrated that accuracy was no less than 95.34%within a seeding rate of 375 kg/hm2.This monitoring device can provide technical support for research on accurate and efficient seeding volume monitoring in strip-sown wheat.关键词
小麦播种/分散装置/参数优化/离散元法仿真/播量监测Key words
wheat seeding/dispersing mechanism/parameter optimization/discrete element simulation/seeding rate monitoring分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
谢建华,金姣阳,岳增祥,马卫彬,冯浩..基于分散机制的条播小麦播量监测装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(2):19-31,142,14.基金项目
新疆维吾尔自治区小麦产业技术体系项目(XJARS-01-09) （XJARS-01-09）
