农业机械学报2026，Vol.57Issue(2)：58-69,275,13.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2026.02.006
基于多激励振动采摘原理的蓝莓采收机关键部件设计与试验
Design and Testing of Key Components of Blueberry Harvester Based on Multi-excitation Vibration Harvesting Principle
摘要
Abstract
Aiming to meet the agronomic requirements of blueberry plantations in China,a domestically produced self-propelled integrated blueberry harvester was designed.The vibration mechanism for blueberry picking was analyzed,and the vibration equation of blueberry plants was established.The vibrational output response of the blueberry plant and the fruit detachment force under multiple excitation conditions were analyzed through the application of orthogonal transformation and canonical transformation of the equations.Based on the agronomic requirements of blueberry cultivation,the design requirements for the harvester were determined.The structural design was then conducted for the harvesting mechanism,fruit collection system,and fruit conveying system utilizing the self-developed prototype for harvesting experiments,along with data from preliminary and orthogonal tests,the regression equations for the machine harvesting evaluation indicators were established.It was found that the machine's travel speed,the rotational speed of the harvesting unit's hydraulic motor,and the finger-comb spacing had interactive effects on both the harvesting efficiency and the fruit quality.The machine's travel speed was directly proportional to the harvesting efficiency,while inversely proportional to the fruit damage rate.The rotational speed of the harvesting unit's hydraulic motor was directly proportional to both the fruit harvesting efficiency and the fruit recovery rate;conversely,the finger-comb spacing was inversely proportional to the rate of unripe fruit harvest.Based on the comprehensive analysis of the orthogonal experiment results,the optimal working parameters for the machine were identified as follows:a travel speed was 35 m/min,a hydraulic motor rotational speed was 100 r/min for the harvesting system,and the finger-comb spacing was 200 mm.A human-machine comparative experiment conducted under the optimal parameters demonstrated that the machine achieved an unripe fruit rate of 8.4%,the fruit damage rate of 3.8%,the fruit recovery rate of 90.1%,and the harvesting efficiency of 1.37 kg/min,which was 10.78 times higher than manual picking efficiency.关键词
蓝莓/采收机/采摘振动机理分析/果实收集输送系统Key words
blueberry/harvester/picking vibration mechanism/fruit collection and transportation system分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王海滨,黄馨玉,宋佳音,刘觉飞,赵亮,那蕊,赵熙润,延文杰..基于多激励振动采摘原理的蓝莓采收机关键部件设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2026,57(2):58-69,275,13.基金项目
哈尔滨市制造业科技创新人才项目(CXRC20231115883)、东北林业大学产教融合研究生联合培养基地建设项目(41502124)、黑龙江省重大科技成果转化项目(CG23017)和国家级大学生科技创新项目(202410225007) （CXRC20231115883）
