清华大学学报（自然科学版）2025，Vol.65Issue(12)：2366-2378,13.DOI:10.16511/j.cnki.qhdxxb.2025.21.047
地铁车站安全疏散与客流疏运研究进展
Research progress on safety evacuation and passenger transportation at metro stations
摘要
Abstract
[Significance]Safety evacuation and passenger transportation are key components of metro crowd control,requiring critical research related to passenger safety.With the rapid development of urban rail transit,a growing number of domestic and international scholars have conducted research on these components.To systematically understand developments and research trends in metro station safety evacuation and passenger transportation within the broader field of public safety,it is necessary to review and summarize relevant studies.[Progress]First,relevant Chinese and English literature on metro station safety evacuation and passenger transportation was retrieved from the Web of Science database and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure database,and relevant information about the studies was recorded.Next,a bibliometric analysis was conducted,including publication volume statistics and keyword analysis.This study reviewed and summarized the characteristics of the research content and methodologies regarding both safety evacuation and passenger flow management.It summarized the advantages and disadvantages of existing research approaches and methods,providing future development directions.Bibliometric analysis showed that research on safety evacuation in China has developed rapidly,although studies on passenger transportation require further attention.To date,research on safety evacuation has focused primarily on metro station fires,whereas studies on passenger transportation have concentrated mainly on the organization and control of large passenger flows.In the field of safety evacuation,metro station safety evacuation is characterized by multi-level enclosed spaces,multi-stage evacuation routes,and large passenger flows.Field experiments are difficult to implement due to their limitations,and microscopic models such as the social force model and cellular automaton model have thus become the primary research tools.Future research still needs to integrate intelligent algorithms,such as big data and machine learning,to dynamically optimize evacuation routes.In the field of passenger transportation,metro station passenger flow is characterized by complex,multi-directional movements and batch arrivals,and research in this area mainly relies on numerical simulation methods.Existing research primarily aims to reduce passenger waiting times and train delay times and has achieved relative maturity in optimizing train schedules and improving transport capacity.Implementing passenger flow control measures has become the main approach to reducing passenger flow risks.However,in actual metro operations,there remains a deficiency in the networked multi-station collaborative response mechanism for passenger flow organization.[Conclusions and Prospects]This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of the literature on safety evacuation and passenger transportation in metro stations.It reviewed the characteristics and study methodologies used in the literature,while discussing research progress and existing limitations.The study contributes to understanding the current state of research and development trends in metro station safety evacuation and passenger transportation.Furthermore,it argues that future studies in China should place greater emphasis on passenger transportation and incorporate advanced intelligent algorithms into research on both safety evacuation and passenger transportation.关键词
公共安全/地铁车站/人员疏散/客流疏运Key words
public safety/metro station/crowd evacuation/passenger transportation分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
钟茂华,周义棋,夏秀江..地铁车站安全疏散与客流疏运研究进展[J].清华大学学报（自然科学版）,2025,65(12):2366-2378,13.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52374210) （52374210）
