人民珠江2025，Vol.46Issue(12)：71-79,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-9235.2025.12.008
河流声层析测流系统在感潮河流应用研究
Research on Application of River Acoustic Tomography Flow Measurement System in Tidal Rivers
摘要
Abstract
Tidal rivers represent one of the most challenging environments for hydrological monitoring due to the dynamic interaction between freshwater discharge,tidal forces,and wind-induced waves.These complex hydrodynamic conditions complicate the accurate measurement of flow velocity and discharge,which are critical for flood forecasting,water resource management,and environmental protection.Conventional monitoring techniques often struggle to provide continuous and full cross-sectional data under such variable conditions.To overcome these limitations,this applied a river acoustic tomography system(RATS)for real-time,continuous,and automated monitoring at the Bai'etan Hydrological Station in the Pearl River's West Channel,a typical tidal reach with significant flow complexity.The RATS integrated the time series of underwater acoustic base station propagation and the geometric parameters of the acoustic signal path after noise reduction filtering and time synchronization calibration.The cross-section velocity was analyzed by an inversion algorithm,and the quantitative calculation of flow was completed according to the cross-section area corresponding to the measured water level.This approach allowed for high-resolution measurement of water velocity even under highly unsteady flow conditions.This paper provided a detailed exposition of the system configuration,including the layout of acoustic stations,signal processing techniques,and the tomographic inversion model.To rigorously evaluate the performance of the RATS,a series of comparative measurements was conducted using an acoustic doppler current profiler(ADCP)as a reference instrument.The ADCP data were collected synchronously with the acoustic tomography measurements to ensure comparability.A regression-based velocity correlation analysis was performed.The system achieved a calibration accuracy compliant with Class III hydrological station standards,confirming its reliability for operational use.Further analysis of discharge measurements showed that the relative errors were predominantly within±15%,with approximately 72%of the measurements having errors within±10%and about 44%maintaining errors within±5%.Major sources of error included turbulent fluctuations near the banks and vessel-induced disturbances during ADCP data collection.Despite these challenges,the results demonstrate that RATS offers robust and accurate discharge estimation under complex tidal influences.In conclusion,the RATS proves to be a highly effective solution for continuous monitoring in tidal environments.Its ability to deliver full-cross-sectional coverage in real time,without being affected by surface floating debris or navigational activities,represents a significant advancement over traditional methods.This technology is especially promising for long-term deployment in tidal rivers,contributing to improved hydrological data collection,operational forecasting,and sustainable water management initiatives.In the future,the multi-factor coupling influence mechanism will be further developed,including the influence of environmental factors such as temperature gradient change,salinity stratification(especially during the winter salty tide),and ship navigation interference on the propagation of acoustic signals.关键词
河流声层析/测流系统/测流原理/比测分析/感潮河流/ADCPKey words
river acoustic tomography(RAT)/flow measurement system/flow measurement principle/comparative measurement analysis/tidal river/acoustic doppler current profiler(ADCP)分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
练迪,吴春熠,李湘姣,许玉联,王京晶,邱凯华..河流声层析测流系统在感潮河流应用研究[J].人民珠江,2025,46(12):71-79,9.基金项目
广东省水利科技创新项目(2025-23) （2025-23）
