陕西医学杂志2026，Vol.55Issue(1)：53-57,5.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1000-7377.2026.01.009
老年患者焦虑抑郁相关因素及症状特点分析
Analysis of related factors and symptomatic characteristics of anxiety and depression in the elderly
摘要
Abstract
Objective:To explore the prevalence of anxiety and depression among the elderly and the related in-fluencing factors,and to analyze the characteristics of somatization disorder symptoms in elderly patients with anxiety and depression,so as to assist in the early identification of anxiety and depression in the elderly and improve the men-tal health status of patients.Methods:This study adopted a cross-sectional stratified survey method to collect 893 ca-ses as the research subjects.The Hamilton Anxiety and Depression Scale was applied to evaluate the prevalence of anxiety and depression in the patients.Meanwhile,various demographic and clinical data of the patients were collected and analyzed,including living style,types of chronic diseases,medication status,etc.,to analyze the related influen-cing factors of anxiety and depression in elderly patients with chronic diseases.Investigate and statistically analyze the prevalence and common symptoms of somatization disorder among patients,and compare the manifestation character-istics and severity differences of somatization disorder among different age groups.Results:893 patients were grouped by age,among which 513 were elderly patients over 60 years old and 380 were non-elderly patients under 60 years old.After evaluation,the proportion of the elderly group with abnormal anxiety and depression scores was significant-ly higher than that of the non-elderly group,and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The top 5 common symptoms of somatization disorder in the elderly group are:insomnia,fatigue,chest tightness,burning or numbness and pain of the skin,and changes in appetite.Moreover,the severity of somatization disorder in the elderly group is higher than that in the non-elderly group,and the difference is statistically significant(all P＜0.05).The re-sults of multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that living alone,insomnia,a wide variety of chronic disea-ses,and a large number of long-term oral medications were the main risk factors for anxiety and depression in elderly patients with chronic diseases(all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Elderly patients have a higher risk and more severe degree of concurrent anxiety and depression,which is different from that of young people.Elderly patients have a more se-vere degree of somatization disorder,often manifested as insomnia,fatigue,chest tightness,skin burning or numbness and pain,and changes in appetite,etc.Living alone,insomnia,a wide variety of diseases and a large amount of long-term medication are the main risk factors for anxiety and depression.Therefore,in clinical practice,elderly patients with such conditions should actively carry out psychological assessment and early intervention.At the same time,it is advocated to strengthen family support,reduce living alone,actively treat existing diseases and reasonably optimize treatment plans,which is conducive to improving the mental health of patients.Reduce the occurrence of anxiety and depression and improve the quality of life.关键词
老年/焦虑/抑郁/躯体化障碍/影响因素/早期识别Key words
Elderly/Anxiety/Depression/Somatization disorder/Influencing factors/Early identification分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张李娜,胡远超,刘自珍,时晔..老年患者焦虑抑郁相关因素及症状特点分析[J].陕西医学杂志,2026,55(1):53-57,5.基金项目
陕西省社会发展科技攻关项目(2022SF-559) （2022SF-559）
