天然气工业2025，Vol.45Issue(12)：84-96,13.DOI:10.3787/j.issn.1000-0976.2025.12.007
四川盆地复杂地表区地震采集关键技术与装备新进展
New progress in key technologies and equipment research for seismic acquisition in complex surface areas of the Sichuan Basin
摘要
Abstract
The Sichuan Basin is rich in natural gas resources with great exploration potential.However,due to the complex and diverse surface conditions,there are numerous and widespread ground obstacles and interference sources,resulting in a series of problems such as difficult deployment of seismic acquisition points,low operation efficiency,challenging process quality control,low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),and poor imaging accuracy.Considering these problems,and to achieve high-precision seismic imaging and reliable prediction of complex oil and gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin,this paper develops a series of seismic acquisition technologies and key equipment suitable for complex surface areas in the Sichuan Basin.The following results are obtained.First,the 2W1H(wide band,wide azimuth,and high density)3D geometry technology can effectively improve the quality of seismic data in complex surface areas and the accuracy of seismic imaging for complex oil and gas reservoirs.Second,the intelligent deployment of shot/vibroseis points yields significantly improved efficiency and rationality,and reduces construction risks.Third,the information technology-based quality control and data evaluation technology enables accurate and rapid quality control,effectively increasing the first-class rate of raw single-shot data.Fourth,the large-scale application of new small-volume and large-tonnage vibroseis effectively improves the quality of original single shot.Fifth,the application and upgraded supporting of shot source driver maximizes the excitation efficiency,which is increased to more than 400 shots per hour.Sixth,the popularization and application of node instruments significantly improves acquisition and construction efficiency while reducing labor intensity.In conclusion,the proposed technology series and key equipment for high-precision and efficient seismic acquisition support the improvement of both seismic acquisition quality and operation efficiency,as well as the acquisition of high-quality seismic data,and effectively guarantee the efficient exploration and beneficial development of oil and gas in the Sichuan Basin,providing a strong support for the increase of oil and gas reserves and the rapid growth of natural gas productivity in the basin.关键词
四川盆地/地震勘探/"两宽一高"/复杂地表/高精度高效/井震物理点布设/信息化质控/井炮源驱动/节点仪Key words
Sichuan Basin/Seismic acquisition/wide azimuth,wide bandwidth and high density/Complex surface/High-precision and high-efficiency/Deployment of shot/vibroseis points/IT-based quality control/Shot source driver/Node instrument分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
曹宏,张光荣,王勤耕,赵容容,王晓阳,胡善政,黎书琴,张孟,孙偲轶..四川盆地复杂地表区地震采集关键技术与装备新进展[J].天然气工业,2025,45(12):84-96,13.基金项目
中国石油天然气集团有限基础研究重大专项项目"多物理场高精度油气地球物理探测技术与装备研究"(编号:2023ZZ05)、中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司科技项目"超深层地震勘探技术攻关"(编号:04-01-2025). （编号:2023ZZ05）
