西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(12)：2537-2552,16.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.12.001
中国杂交水稻育种理论与栽培规律的进展及其趋势
Innovations and trends in Chinese hybrid rice breeding and cultivation
摘要
Abstract
In the study,we comprehensively summarized the progress in hybrid rice breeding and cultivation techniques in China by synthesi-zing the author's over 30 years of research with the published literature according to the following:(ⅰ)Reviewed four stages of technological development related to rice breeding,including rice landrace,dwarf breeding,utilization of heterosis,cell/molecular breeding,high-yield breeding theories for different varieties(including those with long and deep roots,erect and large panicle,heavy panicles and late functional types).(ⅱ)Demonstrated the physiological characteristics and sink-source characteristics of high-yield,high-quality rice,as well as high ni-trogen use efficiency(NUE)and high-temperature tolerance during the flowering period of hybrid rice and assessed innovative methods of e-valuating these characteristics.The hybrid rice was divided into four types based on its NUE:Widespread nitrogen(N)adaptation,high N ad-aptation,low N adaptation and poor NUE.The high-temperature tolerance of hybrid rice at the flowering stage was also divided into the follow-ing types:high-temperature-tolerant,high-temperature-avoidant,high-temperature-avoidant and tolerant,and high-temperature-sensitive.(ⅲ)Clarified the sink-source characteristics of hybrid rice under different crop management practices in different ecological regions,including i-dentifying a significant linear relationship between optimal plant density and spikelets per panicle with the amount of N application.System of rice intensification(SRI)could significantly improve grain yield and quality of hybrid rice with less than 170 spikelets per panicle,while shifting part of nitrogen from basal-tillering to later growth stage(SNBL)was suitable for hybrid rice varieties with less than 244 spikelets per panicle.(ⅳ)Determined a regression model based on geographic location,soil nutrient content,soil based-yield and flag leaf chlorophyll con-tent(SPAD value)at the full heading stage to predict a suitable planting area for dry rice-nursery,the optimal amount of N application,the optimal amount of grain fertilizer,grain quality,and high-temperature risks during the flowering period.The SNBL could significantly increase yield when the soil based-yield was less than 7.0 t/hm2.(ⅴ)Proposed novel breeding and crop management practice to meet rice production needs,including breeding super hybrid rice with high photosynthesis efficiency,depth research into the sink-source structure of rice varieties suitable for integrated rice-aquatic coculture,the integration of agricultural machinery and digital technology,energy-saving,cost-saving,and high-efficiency rice cultivation technologies,high-yield and high-efficiency N application methods for hybrid rice,and technological innova-tions in hybrid rice seed production.关键词
杂交水稻/库源特征/产量/高温/氮肥利用率Key words
Hybrid rice/Source and sink characteristics/Grain yield/High temperature/Nitrogen use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
徐富贤,张林,周兴兵,郭晓艺,朱永川,刘茂,郭长春,熊洪,蒋鹏..中国杂交水稻育种理论与栽培规律的进展及其趋势[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(12):2537-2552,16.基金项目
四川省自然科学基金重点项目(2025ZNSFSC0016) （2025ZNSFSC0016）
四川省农业科学院原始创新项目(YSCX2035-010) （YSCX2035-010）
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-01-25) （CARS-01-25）
四川省天府万人计划科技菁英项目 （）
