运筹与管理2025，Vol.34Issue(9)：70-76,7.DOI:10.12005/orms.2025.0277
基于用户使用率的柔性二维质保菜单设计方法
Flexible Two-dimensional Warranty Menu Design Method Based on Usage Rates
摘要
Abstract
Complex products,such as vehicles and large equipment,are usually provided with a two-dimensional warranty policy.A two-dimensional warranty region is defined by an age limit and a cumulative usage limit.When the optimal two-dimensional warranty policy is designed,from the perspective of the manufacturer,warranty cost is more concerning.However,from the perspective of customers,they are more concerned about the available warranty region according to the usage rate,which leads to various perceptions of the same two-dimensional warranty policy.Due to competition,the manufacturer is motivated to provide an attractive warranty policy for customers with heterogeneous usage rates,to increase the customer's satisfaction with after-sales and promote sales amount.Therefore,to satisfy the demand of customers for heterogeneous usage rates,a flexible two-dimensional warranty menu design method based on customers'usage rates is proposed from the perspectives of both the manufacturer and customer. Firstly,the expected warranty cost of the proposed flexible two-dimensional warranty menu is established based on the assumption of minimal repair under the warranty period.A non-homogeneous Poisson process is modeled to the expected number of warranty claims during the two-dimensional warranty region.Meanwhile,to describe the attractiveness of the warranty region for customers with heterogeneous usage rates,an attractiveness index model for the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu is proposed,which is established based on the available warranty region. Secondly,both a uniform division strategy and the optimal division strategy for designing the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu are proposed,which maximizes the total expected attractiveness index for customers with a given total expected warranty cost.Design principles to implement the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu are given,and the necessary conditions for obtaining the optimal nominal usage rate and dividing usage rate are discussed.The design procedures for designing a two-dimensional warranty menu are summarized. A case study of an automobile manufacturer is proposed to illustrate the proposed method,and a sensitivity analysis of the effects of key parameters on the optimal two-dimensional warranty menu is conducted.The findings indicate that the optimal values of uniform division strategy and the optimal values of optimal division strategy for designing the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu are approximate.When the mean value of customers'usage rate increases,the optimal nominal usage rates of the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu rise.When the variance of customers'usage rate increases,the total expected attractiveness index for the optimal flexible two-dimensional warranty menu decreases. The paper considers a flexible two-dimensional warranty menu design considering the heterogeneous usage rates of the customers.An attractiveness index model for the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu is established to describe the various perceptions of the two-dimensional warranty policy for customers with different usage rates.The expected warranty cost of the proposed flexible two-dimensional warranty menu is proposed from the perspective of the manufacturer.Meanwhile,a uniform division strategy and the optimal division strategy for designing the flexible two-dimensional warranty menu are proposed.Design principles and the necessary condi-tions for obtaining the optimal nominal usage rate and dividing the usage rate are discussed.Through a case study of an automobile manufacturer implementing a flexible two-dimensional warranty menu design,the effectiveness of the proposed method is verified.关键词
质保菜单/二维质保策略/使用率/吸引力指数Key words
warranty menu/two-dimensional warranty policy/usage rates/attractiveness index分类
管理科学引用本文复制引用
张兆民,付维方,何曙光..基于用户使用率的柔性二维质保菜单设计方法[J].运筹与管理,2025,34(9):70-76,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(71902180) （71902180）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(XJ202400210) （XJ202400210）
