养殖与饲料2026，Vol.25Issue(1)：41-45,5.DOI:10.13300/j.cnki.cn42-1648/s.2026.01.007
浓缩营养舔砖对产犊牦牛的初乳成分及犊牛血液生理生化指标的影响
Effects of licking blocks with concentrated nutrients on the composition of colostrum in calving yaks and the physiological and biochemical indexes of serum in their calves
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]The effects of licking block supplementation with concentrated nutrients on the health of calving yaks and their calves were studied to solve the problem of balanced nutrition supply for yaks in the high-altitude pastoral areas of Xizang Autonomous Region.[Methods]36 late-gestation yaks were ran-domly divided into an experimental group and a control group,with the same age structure and parity composi-tion between groups,and basically the same body condition score.The control group received the standard pasture-based management regimen,while the treatment group was supplemented with licking blocks of con-centrated nutrients as a dietary supplement.The birth weight of calves after calving was recorded.The number of survival calves at 60 days was monitored to calculate the survival rate.Samples of colostrum within 24 hours after calving were collected to analyze the composition.Samples of blood from calving yaks and calves were collected to determine the physiological and biochemical indexes of serum.[Results]The periparturient yaks had varying degrees of body weight loss when breeding yaks were supplemented with licking blocks of concen-trated nutrients,with a licking capacity of 0.22 kg/d.Supplementation with licking blocks of concentrated nutri-ents increased the birth weight of calves,with a significant increase in the birth weight of female calves com-pared to that of the control group(P＜0.05).Supplementing licking blocks of concentrated nutrients had a trend of increasing indexes including the content of fat in colostrum,milk protein,non-fat solids,and the survival rate of calves at 60 days while having no significant effects on the physiological and biochemical indexes of serum in calving yaks and their calves(P＞0.05).[Conclusions]Supplementing licking blocks of concentrated nutrients for peripartum breeding yaks in the high-altitude pastoral areas of Xizang Autonomous Region significantly in-creased the birth weight of calves,with a tendency to increase the quality of colostrum and the survival rate of calves during the period of lactation.关键词
繁殖牦牛/犊牦牛/浓缩营养舔砖/初乳/生理生化指标/补饲Key words
breeding yaks/calving yaks/licking blocks with concentrated nutrients/colostrum/physi-ological and biochemical indexes/supplementation引用本文复制引用
郭万正,吴美娟,孙国平,陈景瑞,黄静,赵娜,陈芳,魏金涛..浓缩营养舔砖对产犊牦牛的初乳成分及犊牛血液生理生化指标的影响[J].养殖与饲料,2026,25(1):41-45,5.基金项目
中央引导地方科技发展资金项目"西藏高寒牧区牦牛营养均衡供给关键技术研发与示范"(XZ202301YD0013C) （XZ202301YD0013C）
湖北省农业科技创新中心资助项目(2021-620-000-001-021) （2021-620-000-001-021）
