中国南方果树2025，Vol.54Issue(6)：7-13,7.DOI:10.13938/j.issn.1007-1431.20250215
基于目标产量的澳洲坚果施肥效应研究
Research on the fertilization effect of macadamia based on target yield
摘要
Abstract
To explore the application of target yield fertilization method in the formula fertilization of macadamia,determine the optimal formula application rates of N,P and K fertilizers,and scientifically and reasonably guide the fertilization in macadamia production,dose gradient experiments for application rates of N,P,and K,including 5 treatments of non-fertilization control(CK),0.5 times of target yield-based application rate(0.5 GS treatment,N 36 kg/hm2,P2O5 7 kg/hm2,K2O 36 kg/hm2),0.75 times of target yield-based application rate(0.75 GS treatment,N 55 kg/hm2,P2O5 11 kg/hm2,K2O 54 kg/hm2),target yield-based application rate(GS treatment,N 73 kg/hm2,P2O5 15 kg/hm2,K2O72 kg/hm2),and conventional fertilization rate(FP treatment,N 63 kg/hm2,P2O5 24 kg/hm2,K2O 96 kg/hm2)were carried out based on the target yield fertilization method to study the changes in key indicators such as the yield,quality,leaf and soil nutrients,fertilizer agronomic efficiency,and economic benefits of macadamia nuts under different fertilizer application rates.The results showed that under different fertilization treat-ments,there were significant differences in the yields of macadamia green nuts in husk and dry nuts in shell.Compared with the non-fertilization treatment(CK),fertilization treatments increased the kernel rate by 1.25％-3.93％.Among these treatments,the 0.75 GS treatment exhibited a superior yield-increasing effect on green nuts in husk and dry nut in shell than other treatments,and its corresponding output value and profit were also the highest.The fertilization treatments had no significant effect on nuts quality,as well as N,P and K nutrients in leaves.Regarding the soil,there were no significant differences in soil organic matter and hydrolyzable nitrogen between years and treatments,but there were significant differences in soil available phosphorus and a-vailable potassium among different treatments.In terms of partial factor productivity of fertilizers,the 0.5 GS treatment performed the best,followed by the 0.75 GS treatment,while the FP treatment was the worst.In conclusion,the application rates of nitro-gen,phosphorus,and potassium fertilizers of 0.75 GS treatment were 13％,54％,and 44％lower than those of the FP treat-ment,respectively.It not only achieved superior yield increases for both green nuts in husk and dry nuts in shell,but also took into account the aspects of fertilizer saving,yield improvement,and economic benefits.It is suitable for popularization and application in macadamia production.关键词
澳洲坚果/目标产量施肥/施肥效应/果实品质/经济效益Key words
macadamia/target yield fertilization/fertilization effect/nut quality/economic benefit引用本文复制引用
杨丽萍,李思敏,岳海,王康,贺熙勇,张海清..基于目标产量的澳洲坚果施肥效应研究[J].中国南方果树,2025,54(6):7-13,7.基金项目
云南省科技厅农业基础研究项目(202301BD070001-074) （202301BD070001-074）
云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项(RF2025-14) （RF2025-14）
云南省科技厅科技人才与平台计划(院士专家工作站)(202405AF140033) （院士专家工作站）
兴滇英才支持计划(2022-0068) （2022-0068）
创新引导与科技型企业培育计划项目(202404BP090014)资助. （202404BP090014）
