摘要
Abstract
Oral and maxillofacial surgery,is a discipline that demands extreme precision.In complex operations,the traditional diagnostic-therapeutic paradigm faces severe challenges in both accuracy and predictability.In recent years,breakthroughs in artificial intelligence(AI)technology have provided a revolutionary driving force for the leap from"digital assistance"to"intelligent decision-making".This review systematically summarizes the application progress of AI in key areas of oral and maxillofacial surgery.At the level of image analysis and diagnosis:AI provides objective and efficient quantitative tools for clinical use through automated cephalometric analysis(average error<2 mm),high-precision anatomical structure segmentation(such as the segmentation of the mandibular canal with a Dice coefficient>0.91),and intelligent disease diagnosis.At the level of surgical planning and navigation:AI enables postoperative effect prediction in orthognathic surgery(bone displacement prediction error 0.765-2.340 mm),automated planning and precise execution in implant surgery(implant angle deviation 1.543°),and delves into core clinical challenges such as tumor safety margin identification(with a pathological agreement rate of 86%)and facial nerve path prediction(reducing the injury rate to 4%).At the level of intelligent reconstruction:generative AI achieves personalized bionic design of tooth morphology(occlusal surface reconstruction error 0.114 mm)and functional reconstruction prediction of jawbone defects(facial contour prediction Chamfer distance 1.66 mm).This review not only analyzes the technical bottlenecks faced by AI,such as data dependency and fragmentation,clinical transfer gap,and"black box"decision-making of models,but also reveals the underlying reasons through specific failure cases and critically points out fundamental challenges such as data pollution and algorithm paradoxes.Finally,this article proposes the construction of a multi-modal data-based specialized large model,the improvement of model interpretability,and plans a concrete clinical transformation path from short-term validation to long-term ecological construction.We envision that through close medical-engineering cross-disciplinary cooperation,AI will evolve from an"auxiliary tool"to an"intelligent partner"for surgeons,jointly driving oral and maxillofacial surgery into a truly precise and intelligent ara.关键词
人工智能/口腔颌面外科/精准外科/影像分析/手术规划Key words
Artificial intelligence/Oral and maxillofacial surgery/Precision surgery/Image analysis/Surgical planning
