中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志2025，Vol.19Issue(6)：406-413,8.DOI:10.3969∕j.issn.1673-8705.2025.06.002
猫狗过敏患者的临床特征分析
Analysis of clinical characteristics in patients with cat or dog dander allergy
摘要
Abstract
Objective This study is aimed to analyze the clinical characteristics of patients with cat or dog dander allergy,providing references for clinical diagnosis,treatment and prevention.Method A retro-spective analysis was conducted on 42 patients diagnosed as cat or dog dander allergy in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from Jan 2022 to Feb 2024.Clinical data,including general condition,living environment,types of cats and dogs,sensitization time,family history,clinical manifestation,and sIgE levels,were col-lected and analyzed.Results Female patients accounted for a higher proportion(69.0%),and most patients were young and middle-aged(36.4±9.3)years old.All patients lived indoors in apartment buildings,pre-dominantly in two-bedroom units(54.7%).The main types of cats kept were short-haired cats,while the main types of dogs included Teddy and Shiba Inu.The sensitization period was 12.0(6.0,24.0)months,which was 12.0(3.0,24.0)months for cat allergies and 24.0(9.0,60.0)months for dog allergies,and patients with cat allergies had a shorter sensitization time.All patients presented with allergic rhinitis(100%),in addition to allergic conjunctivitis(88.0%)and asthma(66.6%)being common.Cat dander sIgE levels were higher in patients allergic to both cat and dog dander compared to dog dander sIgE levels in the same group(P<0.001)and cat dander sIgE levels in patients only allergic to cat dander(P=0.012).Dog dander allergic patients with different parental allergy histories showed significant sIgE level differences(F=4.531,P=0.0289).Cat dander allergic patients with asthma had different sIgE levels compared to those without asth-ma(P<0.05).Cat dander sIgE levels correlated positively with dust mite sIgE levels(R2=0.1021,P=0.0391)in cat dander allergic patients,and dog dander sIgE levels correlated positively with dust sIgE levels(R2=0.1642,P=0.0078)in dog dander allergic patients.The vitamin D levels in patients were significantly lower than the normal range(P<0.001).Conclusion Young and middle-aged,female patients predomina-ted in cat or dog dander allergic patients.The living environment was mainly a two-bedroom apartment.Keeping short haired cats,teddy dogs,and Shiba Inu was more common.The average sensitization time for cats and dogs was 1-2 years,which was shorter for cats than for dogs.Allergic rhinitis,conjunctivitis,and asthma were common clinical manifestations.The sIgE level of cat dander in patients with both cat and dog allergies was higher than that of dog dander,and the sIgE level of cat dander in patients with both cat and dog allergies was higher than that in patients with only cat dander allergies The level of sIgE may be influenced by genetic factors and may be related to specific allergic symptoms.Due to the similarity of environmental exposure,cat and dog allergies often occur simultaneously with dust and dust mite allergies.关键词
猫皮屑/狗皮屑/过敏/临床特征/分析Key words
cat dander/dog dander/allergy/clinical characteristic/analysis引用本文复制引用
杨代宇,李红娜,汤蕊..猫狗过敏患者的临床特征分析[J].中华临床免疫和变态反应杂志,2025,19(6):406-413,8.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3600203) National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC3600203) （2022YFC3600203）
