中国猪业2025，Vol.20Issue(6)：25-32,8.DOI:10.16174/j.issn.1673-4645.2025.06.005
ACSS1在能量代谢中的作用及研究进展
The role of ACSS1 in energy metabolism and research progress
摘要
Abstract
Acyl-CoA synthetase short-chain family member 1(ACSS1)is a key metabolic enzyme located in the mitochondrial matrix.The primary function is to catalyze the synthesis of acetyl-CoA from acetate and coenzyme A,which then enters the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle and undergoes oxidative breakdown to produce ATP,providing energy for the body.It plays a central role in cellular energy homeostasis,lipid synthesis,and epigenetic regulation.ACSS1 has a clear gene localization and tissue-specific expression pattern,and the protein structure is conserved.Under glucose deprivation or stress conditions,ACSS1 can use alternative carbon sources such as acetate to synthesize acetyl-CoA,providing substrates for the TCA cycle and maintaining ATP production,thereby ensuring energy stability in high-energy-demand tissues such as the heart and brain.The molecular structure of ACSS1 contains a conserved lysine acetylation site(mouse K635/human K642),which is dynamically regulated by the deacetylase silent information regulator transcript 3(SIRT3).Especially under conditions of nutrient deprivation(such as fasting)or oxidative stress,SIRT3 activates ACSS1 enzymatic ac-tivity through deacetylation,promoting the utilization of acetate to maintain energy balance.Under normal physiological conditions,AC-SS1 is involved in maintaining energy during fasting,hepatic ketogenesis,and cardiac ATP supply.In pathological conditions,ACSS1 dysfunction is associated with various diseases:it supports cancer cell survival under low nutrient conditions in tumors;its decline may lead to energy depletion in neurodegenerative diseases;in addition,it is closely related to metabolic diseases such as fatty liver and sarcopenia.Through a systematic reviewed of existing studies,this review aimed to provide a theoretical basis for understanding the regulatory pathways and molecular mechanisms of ACSS1 in energy metabolism.关键词
猪/ACSS1/能量代谢/乙酰辅酶A/表观遗传/脂质合成/细胞能量稳态/ATPKey words
pig/ACSS1/energy metabolism/Acetyl-CoA/epigenetic regulation/lipid synthesis/cellular energy homeostasis/ATP分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
楚蕊鸽,李文军,蒲蕾,吕志东,楚菡,邓诗凡,贾王翔,张建斌,裴星瑶,洪亮,李娜..ACSS1在能量代谢中的作用及研究进展[J].中国猪业,2025,20(6):25-32,8.基金项目
天津生猪产业技术体系创新团队项目(ITTPRS2026006) （ITTPRS2026006）
国家级大学生创新训练项目(202510061025) （202510061025）
天津市科技计划项目(25JCYBJC00070) （25JCYBJC00070）
海南省重点研发项目(ZDYF2024XDNY271) （ZDYF2024XDNY271）
阜阳师范大学科研平台开放课题项目(FYKFKT24042) （FYKFKT24042）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1301200) （2021YFD1301200）
天津市畜禽分子育种与生物技术重点实验室开放课题基金项目 （）
