环境工程学报2025，Vol.19Issue(11)：2683-2698,16.DOI:10.12030/j.cjee.202502016
基于生命周期评价的中国巴西纸浆环境影响比较
Comparative analysis of environmental impacts of pulp between China and Brazil based on life cycle assessment
摘要
Abstract
As the world's largest consumer of pulp and paper products,China has experienced a continuous increase in pulp consumption.However,due to the scarcity of exploitable forest resources,China faces a significant shortage of raw materials for papermaking,making it the world's largest importer of pulp.To assess the environmental challenges under this context,this study employed a life cycle assessment(LCA)approach to analyze the environmental impact differences between domestic and imported pulp(using Brazil as an example)under two system boundaries,aiming to provide a rational trade-off between domestic and imported pulp choices from the perspective of Chinese paper mills.Furthermore,based on nine scenarios of material flows in China's pulp and paper industry,this study evaluated the overall environmental impact of pulp consumption in China by 2030.The results indicated that,under System Boundary Ⅰ,Brazilian pulp demonstrated lower environmental impacts in nine out of eleven categories compared to Chinese pulp,with reductions ranging from 10%to 51%in abiotic depletion(fossil fuels),acidification potential,eutrophication potential,freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity,global warming potential,human toxicity potential,marine aquatic ecotoxicity,ozone layer depletion,and photochemical oxidation.Under System Boundary Ⅱ,Chinese pulp exhibited lower environmental impacts in ten categories—excluding marine aquatic ecotoxicity—with reductions of 2%to 41%in global warming potential,eutrophication potential,acidification potential,human toxicity potential,photochemical oxidation,freshwater aquatic ecotoxicity,ozone layer depletion,terrestrial ecotoxicity potential,abiotic depletion(fossil fuels),and abiotic depletion(elements).From the perspective of domestic paper mills,Chinese pulp generally performed better in most categories and should be prioritized.Additionally,scenario analysis results suggested that both optimizing consumption demand and enhancing management efficiency could effectively reduce the overall environmental impact of China's pulp and paper industry by 2030.In conclusion,this study provided data support for comparing the environmental impacts of domestic and imported pulp and offered policy recommendations for promoting the sustainable development of China's pulp and paper industry.关键词
生命周期评价/中国木浆/巴西木浆/环境影响/情景分析Key words
life cycle assessment/Chinese wood pulp/Brazilian wood pulp/environmental impacts/scenario analysis分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
高逸翔,代敏,王菊,王玉涛..基于生命周期评价的中国巴西纸浆环境影响比较[J].环境工程学报,2025,19(11):2683-2698,16.基金项目
国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(72061147003) （地区）
