广西科学院学报2025，Vol.41Issue(4)：430-444,15.DOI:10.13657/j.cnki.gxkxyxb.20260107.008
基于COI基因的广西广地龙(Amynthas aspergillum)种群遗传多样性分析
Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Amynthas aspergillum Popula-tion in Guangxi Based on COI Gene
摘要
Abstract
Guang Dilong is the common name of Amynthas aspergillum,which is a widely distributed earth-worm species in Guangdong and Guangxi regions of China,and has important medicinal value.In recent years,due to the high demand for A.aspergillum in the Chinese herbal medicine market,the population and quantity of wild A.aspergillum have declined sharply.Therefore,in-depth study of the genetic diversity and population structure of A.aspergillum is of great significance to promote the protection of germplasm re-sources,artificial breeding and population breeding.In this study,according to the morphology of earth-worms,and based on the molecular classification method of COI gene,the samples of A.aspergillum in Guangxi were obtained.Then,based on the COI gene sequence,haplotype analysis,genetic diversity assess-ment,phylogenetic tree construction,population structure analysis and MK test were carried out to explore the genetic diversity and distribution pattern of A.aspergillum in wild and cultured populations.A total of 103 samples of A.aspergillum were obtained.It was mainly distributed in southern Guangxi(Nanning,Yu-lin,Qinzhou,Fangchenggang,etc.),and a few was distributed in western Guangxi(Baise,Hechi)and north-ern Guangxi(Liuzhou,Guilin,Hezhou).It shared habitats with other earthworm species of the genus Amynthas.A total of 98 variation sites and 25 haplotypes were detected in 103 COI gene sequences.The o-verall haplotype diversity index was 0.919,and the nucleotide diversity index was 0.050.Fst analysis showed that the genetic differentiation index among different geographic populations was 0-0.08,and some haplo-types such as Hap1,Hap2,Hap4 and Hap15 were shared among multiple geographic populations.The phylo-genetic tree based on COI gene revealed that there were two highly differentiated main branches(Fst=0.943),and the MK test showed that the results were significantly different(P＜0.001),but there was no significant correspondence between population differentiation and geographical location,that is,there were of-ten multiple mitochondrial lineages at the same sampling site.In addition,only 7 haplotypes were found in the cultured population of A.aspergillum and clustered together,indicating that the genetic diversity of the cur-rent breeding population was low and the protection of the genetic resources of A.aspergillum was limited.With suitable precipitation and temperature conditions,southern Guangxi had become the most suitable habi-tat and breeding area for A.aspergillum,and had the highest haplotype diversity,so it had important ecologi-cal and conservation value.There is a deep differentiation of the mitochondrial genome in the A.aspergillum population,and the genetic diversity in the current breeding population is low.Therefore,it is necessary to de-lineate some core protection areas and strengthen in-situ protection and long-term monitoring to promote the sustainable utilization of the medicinal resources.关键词
广地龙/COI基因/遗传多样性/桂十味/道地药材Key words
Amynthas aspergillum/COI gene/genetic diversity/Genuine medicinal material/medicinal mate-rials分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
郑晓霞,卢波,黄俊,林梅,何春花,彭立新,周维官,NOYSANG Chanai,刘军,郑元涛,李秀芝,覃杨梅,王真,杨开太..基于COI基因的广西广地龙(Amynthas aspergillum)种群遗传多样性分析[J].广西科学院学报,2025,41(4):430-444,15.基金项目
广西重点研发计划项目(桂科AB21238014)和广西壮族自治区林业局自筹经费林业科技项目(2023GXZCLK57)资助. （桂科AB21238014）
