北方农业学报2025，Vol.53Issue(6)：86-97,12.DOI:10.12190/j.issn.2096-1197.2025.06.08
有机肥部分替代化肥对马铃薯产量与表观氮损失量的影响
Effects of partial substitution of chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer on potato yields and apparent nitrogen loss
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To investigate the effects of partial substitution of conventional chemical fertilizer with different proportions of organic fertilizer on potato yield and apparent nitrogen loss.[Methods]Using potato variety V7 as experimental material,six treatments were established in 2023 and 2024:no nitrogen fertilizer(CK),conventional chemical fertilizer alone(CF),and chemical fertilizer substituted by 20%(OF1),40%(OF2),60%(OF3),and 80%(OF4)organic fertilizer.Differences in soil nitrogen content in the plough layer(0-30 cm),potato biomass,nitrogen content,nitrogen uptake,yield,agronomic nitrogen use efficiency,and apparent nitrogen loss were analyzed under different treatments.[Results]During the tuber bulking stage,the soil nitrate nitrogen content in the plough layer under OF1 treatment was significantly increased by 26.22%-39.48%compared to the CF treatment(P<0.05);at mature stage,the soil ammonium nitrogen content was significantly increased by 32.81%-77.78%compared to CF treatment(P<0.05).From the tuber bulking stage to mature stage of potato,the biomass,nitrogen content,and nitrogen uptake under the OF1 treatment were increased by 7.45%-33.10%,0.17-0.58 percentage points,and 42.29%-53.20%,respectively,compared to the CF treatment.Over the two years,the potato yield under the OF1 treatment was increased by 6.71%-10.61%compared to the CF treatment;the agronomic nitrogen use efficiency and partial factor productivity of nitrogen fertilizer for the OF1 treatment were 132.39,138.69 kg/kg,and 263.85,257.45 kg/kg,respectively,both significantly higher than the CF treatment(P<0.05);the apparent nitrogen loss under the OF1 treatment was reduced by 34.64%and 23.65%,respectively,compared to the CF treatment.[Conclusion]Substituting chemical fertilizer with 20%organic fertilizer can significantly increase potato yield and agronomic nitrogen use efficiency,and reduce apparent nitrogen loss.关键词
马铃薯/有机肥/产量/氮肥农学利用效率/表观氮损失量Key words
Potato/Organic fertilizer/Yield/Agronomic nitrogen use efficiency/Apparent nitrogen loss分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李袁凯,李宜锟,张璟,桑玉莹,张子义..有机肥部分替代化肥对马铃薯产量与表观氮损失量的影响[J].北方农业学报,2025,53(6):86-97,12.基金项目
内蒙古自治区重点研发和成果转化计划项目(2023YFDZ0003,2022YFHH0130) （2023YFDZ0003,2022YFHH0130）
呼和浩特市科技计划项目(2023-农-5) （2023-农-5）
